Scoping · the outcome, made measurable

By 2035, keep plastic packaging in safe, continuous circulation — cheaper than virgin plastic, powered entirely by renewable energy, net-negative in greenhouse gases, and removing legacy plastic and toxic chemicals from the environment.

Current local maximum

Today’s systems recycle selected, sorted plastics through energy-intensive processes that lose material quality, value and carbon with each cycle.

Can high-barrier food packaging be kinetically stable throughout manufacture and use, yet thermodynamically recoverable as polymer-grade feedstock through a selective trigger absent from the supply chain?

Standing

11 of 15 rows already carry a result — and 3 carry nothing at all

A scorecard whose rows are all green is a sales document. This one reports its empty rows in the same place as its full ones, and separates a bound — true of any material obeying the stated physics — from a measurement, which is true of one run.

derived 7measured 4instrumented 1open 3

Zero avoidable experimentation · specification §21

The specification asks for metrics on experiments performed despite sufficient prior evidence. The most direct way to avoid an experiment is to prove in advance that it cannot succeed. All 7 derived rows do exactly that — each removes, narrows or reorders a planned experiment before any material is made.

The scorecard

Every outcome, its threshold, and whether anything answers it yet

Open a row to see the standing result, the functions that produce it, and — for a derived bound — what it changes about the plan. A test asserts every function named here is really exported, so a row cannot keep quoting a number after the code beneath it moves.

A closed-form bound. True of any material obeying the stated physics.

  • The duty cycle demands 10^6.08 selectivity; a purely thermal trigger can supply 10^1.96. The 4.12-order deficit is independent of activation energy — Ea cancels out of the ratio entirely — so no catalyst choice closes it. Thermal-only closure would need a 133.5 °C wash.

    What this removes from the plan

    Year-1 experiment 2 should not screen thermal triggers at all. It should measure the chemical contrast a second variable supplies, because that is the only term left.

    computed byrequiredSelectivityOrdersthermalSelectivityCeilingOrdersselectivityCeilingthermalClosureTemperatureC

  • If hydroxide supplies the missing contrast, the wash must run at pH 11.12 or above. That figure is polymer-independent: it follows from the duty cycle and the order of the reaction in hydroxide, not from any particular backbone.

    What this removes from the plan

    Fixes the wash pH before any polymer is synthesised, and makes food-contact and alkali-stability screening a first-year question rather than a later surprise.

    computed byminimumWashPHCAUSTIC_WASH_PH

  • The catalysed linkage must carry at least 58.2 kJ/mol of activation energy to survive the melt residence budget. Together with the 106.6 kJ/mol ceiling above which the wash cannot act, this leaves a genuine but narrow window — and the extruder is its severest leg.

    What this removes from the plan

    Turns "does it extrude" into a pass/fail on a measured activation energy, obtainable by TGA on grams of material rather than by a converting trial on kilograms.

    computed bycatalyticBurdenminimumProcessingBarriermaxFeasibleActivationEnergy

  • Barrier improvement is capped at roughly 27× the amorphous value once crystallinity is held below what recovery tolerates. The cap is structural: crystallinity and comonomer content are interchangeable through f_eff = f(1−χ), so barrier bought by crystallising is paid for in recoverable fraction.

    What this removes from the plan

    Year-1 experiment 1 can compute its own kill criterion before the first film is cast: if the incumbent needs more than the cap, the material family is rejected on paper.

    computed bymaxBarrierAtRecoveryLimitcrystallinityCeilingForRecoveryeffectiveCleavableFractionrelativePermeability

  • A loop that loses nothing concentrates everything. At 99.9% recovery the steady-state impurity level is 1000× the per-cycle input — the better the yield, the worse the accumulation, which inverts the intuition the target is written with.

    What this removes from the plan

    A five-cycle demonstration is a trap: it reports a small fraction of the steady state and reads as success. The number of cycles needed is itself computable and should be stated in the protocol before the loop is run.

    computed bypurgeConcentrationFactorsteadyStateImpuritycyclesToSteadyState

  • Two published routes differ in sign. Ring-opened polyester nets +2 electrons per repeat unit; melt-grafted polyethylene nets −0.28 and so consumes more than it returns. The discriminator is whether the culture can eat the fragment, not what the cutting costs.

    What this removes from the plan

    Removes coulombic-efficiency optimisation from the critical path. No efficiency rescues a fragment with zero bioavailability, so the first measurement is edibility.

    computed bynetElectronsPerRepeatUnitcutCostAsFractionOfContentPUBLISHED_ROUTESbreakEvenCoulombicEfficiency

  • The joint screen takes eight inputs and returns a verdict only when all are present, refusing to score a candidate on a subset. Constraints that are individually satisfiable are jointly binding through shared variables — crystallinity appears in three of them.

    What this removes from the plan

    Screening order stops being arbitrary: the constraint that binds hardest is evaluated first, and candidates die on paper in the cheapest possible order.

    computed byassessFeasibilityevaluateCandidatecandidateFromEvidencescreenCorpus

The metric bank

77 metrics across 12 categories — and only 47% of them can be computed

The specification’s nanomaterials track lists its metrics without saying who could produce them. Each one here carries a provenance instead, and the resulting figure is deliberately unflattering: 24 of these must be measured on real film, and 17 have no stated method at all. The derived bounds do not replace those measurements — they decide which film is worth making.

Read the column of coverage bars top to bottom and the shape of the programme appears. The categories with the most computed metrics are the ones where physics supplies a bound. Energy, carbon and cost — the clause the whole 2035 outcome is judged on — has none.

computed heremust be measuredno method yet
  • Whether carbon actually returns, and what accumulates when it does.

    • Monomer yield per cycle (%)
    • Mass loss per cycle (%)
    • Steady-state impurity concentration factor (×)purgeConcentrationFactor
    • Cycles to reach a stated fraction of steady statecyclesToSteadyState
    • Whether a proposed cycle count is informative or a trapassessCycleTest
    • Molecular-weight retention across loops
    • Catalyst recovery fraction per cycle (%)
    • Purge stream volume and its disposal route
  • The contrast between conditions of use and conditions of recovery.

    • Selectivity orders demanded by the duty cyclerequiredSelectivityOrders
    • Selectivity orders a thermal trigger can supplythermalSelectivityCeilingOrders
    • Minimum wash pH for hydroxide to close the deficitminimumWashPH
    • Wash temperature at which thermal contrast alone would sufficethermalClosureTemperatureC
    • Per-mechanism contribution to the achieved contrastselectivityLedger
    • Measured shelf-life molecular-weight loss (%)
    • Measured monomer release within the recovery window (%)
  • The extruder is the severest thermal leg the material ever sees.

    • Activation energy the linkage must carry to survive the meltcatalyticBurden
    • Upper activation energy above which the wash cannot actmaxFeasibleActivationEnergy
    • Activation energy inferred from a thermogravimetric rampactivationEnergyFromTga
    • Maximum processing temperature the window permitsmaxProcessingTemperatureC
    • Melt strength and converting window
    • Residual monomer after extrusion (ppm)
  • Parity with the incumbent, which is the only bar that matters commercially.

    • Barrier improvement ceiling at the recovery limit (×)maxBarrierAtRecoveryLimit
    • Crystallinity ceiling that recovery toleratescrystallinityCeilingForRecovery
    • Relative permeability from morphology (Nielsen tortuosity)relativePermeability
    • Glass transition of a candidate compositionfoxGlassTransition
    • Oxygen and water-vapour transmission rate
    • Heat-seal initiation, hot tack, seal integrity
    • Tear, puncture and flex-crack durability
    • Haze, odour, colour and their drift on ageing
    • 90 °C hot-fill retention
  • Removing sorting is the clause that separates this from existing recycling.

    • Monomer yield from printed, food-contaminated film (%)
    • Purification energy per kilogram of monomer
    • Solvent demand and recovery fraction
    • Purification efficiency required to hold the looprequiredPurificationEfficiency
    • Selectivity against non-target polymers in the same stream
    • Tolerance to adhesives, inks, labels and closures
  • Where the physics forbids a target outright. The cheapest result a programme can get.

    • Whether a thermal trigger alone can ever close the duty cycleselectivityCeiling
    • Joint feasibility across all eight design inputs at onceassessFeasibility
    • Feasible activation-energy window, and whether it is emptyfeasibleBarrierWindow
    • Minimum cleavable fraction for monomer-dominated productsminimumCleavableFractionForMonomer
    • Fragment floor imposed by chain architectureaccessibleFragmentFloorDp
    • Sign of the electron balance for a valorisation routenetElectronsPerRepeatUnit
  • Whether a computed number is fit to make a decision with.

    • Error on an anchored polymerisation enthalpy (kJ/mol)SOLVATION_CORRECTION
    • Error correlation ρ across a ring-openingCORRECTED_CALIBRATION
    • Enthalpy error propagated to a ceiling temperature (K)ceilingTemperatureErrorK
    • Per-atom accuracy a target error would demandrequiredPerAtomAccuracyMeV
    • Which design inputs atomistic simulation can reach at allreachSummary
    • Prediction interval coverage against held-out measurements
    • Accuracy on monomer families outside the training set
  • Specification §21 — experiments performed despite sufficient prior evidence.

    • Planned experiments removed or narrowed by a derived boundexperimentsChanged
    • Candidates rejected on paper before synthesisscreenCorpus
    • Constraint that binds hardest, setting the screening orderevaluateCandidate
    • Repeated-dead-end rate across the programme
    • Fraction of experiments selected with quantified expected information gain
    • Percentage of failed experiments producing reusable information
  • A claim without a grade is a claim that cannot be checked.

    • Sources carrying a DOI and a content hashSOURCES
    • Specification claims graded on the evidence ladderALIGNMENT
    • Grade of a derived result, capped at its weakest inputweakestGrade
    • Fraction of claims resting on a single source
    • Capture rate for failures and anomalies
  • Food contact is a regulatory gate, not a performance metric.

    • Migrated fraction of a mobile species over shelf lifemigratedFraction
    • Migration in parts per billion against a stated limitmigrationPpb
    • Residual catalyst, oligomer and degradation products
    • Migration after repeated loops, not only first use
    • Substances of concern designed out rather than diluted
    • Environmental fate of unrecovered material
  • The clause the whole outcome is judged on, and the least instrumented here.

    • Total cost per use, including collection and capital
    • Energy per kilogram of recovered monomer
    • Greenhouse-gas balance without offsets
    • Renewable fraction of process energy
    • Cost per use versus virgin at matched performance
    • Capital intensity per tonne of annual capacity
  • Whether anything demonstrated survives leaving the bench.

    • Functional retention at ≥100× production scale (%)
    • Independent reproduction rate within stated uncertainty (%)
    • Laboratory-to-pilot time
    • Converting-line compatibility on existing equipment
    • Freedom to operate and licensing position

Year one

Three decisive experiments, each with its kill criterion partly pre-computed

Every one of the three has a bound waiting for it. That does not make the experiments unnecessary — it says which measurement in each still carries information, so the run is designed around that rather than around a variable already known to be inert.

Experiment 1

Film feasibility

Measures

  • Oxygen and water-vapour transmission at defined temperature and humidity
  • Heat-seal initiation, hot tack and seal integrity
  • Tear, puncture and flex-crack durability
  • Haze, odour and ageing
already decided

Bound in hand before the run

Barrier improvement cannot exceed roughly 27× the amorphous value while crystallinity stays below what recovery tolerates. If the incumbent requirement sits above that, the kill criterion is already met and no film needs casting.

Kill criterion

Reject or redesign the material family if no candidate approaches minimum shelf-life and converting requirements without an incompatible barrier layer.

Still carries information

The amorphous baseline permeability of the actual backbone — the one term the cap is expressed relative to, and the one no calculation here supplies.

Experiment 2

Trigger orthogonality

Measures

  • Molecular-weight retention after accelerated shelf-life exposure
  • Mechanical performance after the same exposure
  • Depolymerisation rate and monomer yield under the recovery trigger
already decided

Bound in hand before the run

For a purely thermal trigger the criterion is met in advance: the duty cycle demands 10^6.08 selectivity and temperature alone supplies 10^1.96, a deficit of 4.12 orders that is independent of activation energy. Screening thermal triggers cannot succeed.

Kill criterion

Reject the trigger–polymer combination if fast recovery intrinsically causes unacceptable storage or processing instability.

Still carries information

How much contrast a second, chemical variable actually supplies on this backbone — and whether the material tolerates the pH 11.12 wash that hydroxide would require.

Experiment 3

Dirty-waste circularity

Measures

  • Isolated polymer-grade monomer yield from printed, food-contaminated film
  • Purification energy and solvent demand
  • Catalyst recovery and impurity accumulation
  • Molecular weight and mechanical retention over repeated cycles
  • Migration-relevant contaminants
already decided

Bound in hand before the run

The cycle count matters more than the yield. At 99.9% recovery, impurities reach 1000× their per-cycle input at steady state, and a short demonstration reports a small fraction of that — so a five-cycle run can pass while the real loop fails.

Kill criterion

Reject the process if purification — not depolymerisation — makes recovery environmentally or economically inferior to the incumbent pathway.

Still carries information

The per-cycle impurity input from a genuinely contaminated feed, which sets how many cycles the demonstration must actually run to be informative.

Obligations

Six clauses, each paired with the quantity that would settle it

The specification states the clauses. The pairing is what turns each from an intention into something a reviewer can check.

We mustMeasured how
Return recovered carbon to virgin-specification monomer without downcycling.Monomer purity (%) and mass loss per cycle (%), over consecutive loops.
Make circular packaging cheaper per use than virgin packaging.Total cost per use (currency/use) including collection, cleaning and capital.
Remove sorting as a condition for recovery.Monomer yield (%) from mixed, printed, food-contaminated film.
Make recovery mild, selective and lossless — no cracking, pyrolysis, char or fuel.Selectivity ratio between recovery and shelf conditions (dimensionless).
Remove the performance and safety penalties.OTR/WVTR, seal strength, 90 °C hot-fill retention, migration (ppb).
Independently verify mass, carbon, energy, migration, yield and performance.Cycles independently reproduced, and the number of loops actually run.

Thresholds are research targets, not claims that they are already achievable. The derived rows are algebraic consequences of the stated physics and the stated duty cycle; change either and they change with it. The full derivations, with their limitations, are on the evidence page.