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This paper investigates microalgae integration into microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for simultaneous wastewater treatment and electrical energy generation. The work explores algal taxonomy, biofuel generations (I–IV), and cultivation systems (open and closed photobioreactors). Experimental trials employed modified cathode electrodes in dual-chamber MFC reactors to promote algal biofilm growth. Results demonstrate that algal biomass functions effectively as both substrate and energy source, supporting nitrogen recovery and enhanced energy efficiency. The research proposes a closed-loop, self-sufficient system with minimal environmental impact as a viable fossil fuel alternative.

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System
MFC
Substrate
pure compound

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Abstract

This research investigates the potential of microalgae as a sustainable resource for bioenergy production using a microbial fuel cell (MFC)[1] technology. It explores the general taxonomy and characteristics of algae, outlines the different generations of biofuels, and highlights the benefits and limitations of algae-derived biofuels. Particular emphasis is placed on integrating bio-electrochemical systems that simultaneously treat wastewater and generate electricity. The study demonstrates that utilizing algae in MFCs not only supports organic biomass production but also enhances nitrogen recovery and energy efficiency. Through experimental trials with various electrode modifications, the research confirms that algal biomass can effectively function as both a biofuel substrate and a sustainable energy solution. These findings propose a closed-loop, self-sufficient energy system with minimal environmental impact, offering a viable alternative to fossil fuels.

Keywords

Microbial fuel cellBiomass (ecology)Biochemical engineeringBioenergySewage treatmentElectricity generation

Identifiers

DOI
10.63463/kjes1190
Journal
Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences
Year
2025