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This study investigates the coupling of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with constructed wetlands (CWs) for swine wastewater treatment, examining the synergistic effects of plant cultivation (Ipomoea aquatica) and closed-circuit operation. Four systems were evaluated: CW without plants/open circuit (A1), CW with plants/open circuit (A2), CW without plants/closed circuit (A3), and CW with plants/closed circuit (A4). Results demonstrate that A4 achieved the highest pollutant removal per unit area, with COD removal of 58.54 g/(d·m²) and nitrogen removal of 13.61 g/(d·m²), while generating maximum power density of 15.87 mW/m³. Anammox bacteria were identified as key contributors to nitrogen removal in the anaerobic anode region.

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What they did

System
MFC

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Abstract

This paper studies the effects of planting plants and coupled microbial fuel cells (MFCs) on the decontamination capacity and purification mechanism of constructed wetlands (CWs). Four systems were set, namely CW-without plants (A1), CW-with plants (A2), CW-MFC-without plants (A3) and CW-MFC-with plants (A4). The daily reductions per unit area of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 48.72 ± 5.42, 51.26 ± 4.10, 53.49 ± 5.44 and 58.54 ± 4.16 g·(d·m²)−1, respectively. The daily reductions per unit area of nitrogen (N) were 11.89 ± 0.73, 12.38 ± 0.76, 12.24 ± 0.79 and 13.61 ± 1.07 g·(d·m²)−1, respectively. After studying the pollutant removal efficiency, it was found that the unit area of A4 removes the highest number of pollutants, improving the area efficiency of the wetland system and fundamentally alleviating the disadvantage of the large land footprint of wetland processes. The average output voltages of A3 and A4 were 568.29 and 717.46 mV, respectively, and the maximum power densities were 4.59 and 15.87 mW/m³, respectively. In addition, after high-throughput analysis of microbial samples, anaerobic ammonia oxidising (anammox) bacteria were found to remove N from the system in the anaerobic anode region.

Keywords

Microbial fuel cellConstructed wetlandWastewaterChemical oxygen demandPollutantWetland

Identifiers

DOI
10.3390/w14233930
Journal
Water
Year
2022