Simultaneous removal of coexisting sulfadiazine and copper oxide nanoparticles with constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell.
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75% confidenceThe study investigated the removal of coexisting sulfadiazine and copper oxide nanoparticles using a constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell system, which achieved high removal efficiencies of 93.8% for sulfadiazine and 94.9% for copper. The co-exposure of sulfadiazine and copper oxide nanoparticles suppressed chemical oxygen demand and nitrogen removal in the system. The system's ability to simultaneously separate and remove the contaminants provides valuable insights into dual-contaminant treatment.
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Abstract
The persistence of antibiotics and nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems poses a significant threat and complicates their removal, a challenge exacerbated by their coexistence. To address this issue, constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) systems were established not only to investigate the impact of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) coexistence on system performance but, more importantly, to reveal removal mechanisms. Co-exposure suppressed chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removal in the CW-MFC by 18.1% and 18.8%, respectively. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) concentration at the cathode of the CW-MFC co-exposed to SDZ and CuO NPs reached 423.10 mg g -1 , enhancing Cu accumulation. Through spatial migration and separation, the CW-MFC achieved high removal efficiencies of 93.8% for SDZ and 94.9% for Cu, with spatial accumulation (51.6% of SDZ at the anode and 33.9% of Cu at the cathode). This "Simultaneous Separation-Removal" process in CW-MFC provides valuable insights into dual-contaminant treatment.