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This study demonstrates enhanced nitrate removal from low COD/N ratio wastewater using a constructed wetland coupled with a microbial electrolysis cell (CW-FMEC) featuring a Fe3O4/granular activated carbon anode. Under optimal conditions (COD/N = 2:1), the CW-FMEC achieved 88.9% nitrate removal with minimal NO2−-N and NH4+-N accumulation, significantly outperforming conventional constructed wetlands (66.38%) and unmodified CW-MEC (70.98%). Fe3O4 modification substantially increased denitrification gene expression (narG +99.29%, nirS +70.54%, nosZ +132.18%) and enhanced extracellular polymeric substance production, supporting superior electrochemical performance.

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System
MEC

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Abstract

In this study, a constructed wetland–Fe3O4/granular activated carbon anode microbial electrolysis cell (CW-FMEC) was constructed to enhance denitrification in low COD/N ratio wastewater. The introduction of Fe3O4 boosted the expression of functional genes involved in the denitrification pathway, and the abundance of narG, nirS, and nosZ increased by 99.29%, 70.54%, and 132.18%, respectively, compared to CW. In addition, the content of c-type cytochromes (c-Cyts) and EPS were also enhanced in the CW-FMEC. The microbial communities study displayed that Thauera, Dechloromonas, and Arenimonas became the main genera for denitrification. The denitrification performance at different COD/N ratios was investigated in depth. Under optimal working circumstances, the CW-FMEC had an excellent nitrate removal rate (88.9% ± 1.12%) while accumulating nearly no NO2−-N or NH4+-N in the effluent. This study provides a new direction for the development of CW-MEC and accelerates its implementation.

Keywords

DenitrificationNitrateEffluentElectrolysisConstructed wetlandNitrogen

Identifiers

DOI
10.3390/w16101377
Journal
Water
Year
2024