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This study investigates nitrogen removal in bioelectrochemical sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) using two external carbon sources (citric acid and potassium bicarbonate) at two current densities (105 and 210 mA/m²). Results show nitrogen removal efficiency depends on both electric current density and carbon source type, with highest efficiency (84.53%) achieved using citric acid at 210 mA/m². Electric current flow was the primary driver of denitrifying bacterial community composition, with Alicycliphilus denitrificans preferring citric acid and Thauera aminoaromatica favoring potassium bicarbonate.

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Abstract

Bioelectrochemical sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) may be used as post-anoxic reactors. The aim of this study was to determine how nitrate removal depends on the type of external carbon source and the electric current density (J). The effect of citric acid and potassium bicarbonate on N removal efficiency and the denitrifying bacteria biofilm community at an electric current density of 105 and 210 mA/m² was determined. Nitrogen removal efficiency depended on the density of the electric current and the carbon source. The highest efficiency of N removal was in the reactor with 210 mA/m² and citric acid. Regardless of the J value, the addition of an external carbon source to the reactors resulted in a 4–6 fold increase in the relative number of denitrifying bacteria in the biomass in relation to the reactor operated without an electric current flow and organics in the influent. The highest number of denitrifiers was observed in the reactor with an inorganic carbon source and with a density of 105 mA/m². The main factor determining the shifts in composition of the denitrifying bacteria was the electric current flow. In the reactors operated with the electric current flow, Thauera aminoaromatica MZ1T occurred in the reactors with potassium bicarbonate while Alicycliphilus denitrificans K601 preferred citric acid.

Keywords

Denitrifying bacteriaCitric acidBicarbonateNitrogenCarbon fibersBiomass (ecology)

Identifiers

DOI
10.3390/w10040393
Journal
Water
Year
2018