Discover insights from thousands of peer-reviewed papers on microbial electrochemical systems
Aline Oliveira da Silva, Simone Perazzoli, Hugo Moreira Soares et al.
Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental · 2023
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using cassava wastewater as a substrate for dual-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) operating with denitrifying biocathodes. Two configurations related to the ion exchange membrane used were evaluated: one with an anion exchange membrane (MFC-A) and the other with a cation exchange membrane (MFC-C). Both bioreactors were operated in sequential batch mode. Furthermore, a low-cost platform based on Arduino technology was also proposed to enable continuous measurement and recording of voltage data from the MFCs. The highest voltage values were observed in the first days of MFC operation, with readings reaching approximately 350 mV (0.41 W·m 3) and gradually decreasing after 100 days of operation to 243 mV (0.20 W·m 3) and 125 mV (0.05 W·m 3) for the MFC-A and MFC-C, respectively (mean values for the last 20 days of operation). In both MFCs, the chemical oxygen demand reduction and nitrogen removal were over 98% after reactor stabilization, with no noticeable nitrite accumulation. The experimental results indicated superior performance when MFC was equipped with an anion exchange membrane. The results presented here demonstrate the feasibility of using cassava wastewater as a viable substrate for MFCs equipped with a denitrifying biocathode, allowing for efficient wastewater treatment and simultaneous electricity generation.
Gabriele Beretta, Matteo Daghio, Anna Espinoza Tofalos et al.
Water · 2020
Groundwater is the environmental matrix that is most frequently affected by anthropogenic hexavalent chromium contamination. Due to its carcinogenicity, Cr(VI) has to be removed, using environmental-friendly and economically sustainable remediation technologies. BioElectrochemical Systems (BESs), applied to bioremediation, thereby offering a promising alternative to traditional bioremediation techniques, without affecting the natural groundwater conditions. Some bacterial families are capable of oxidizing and/or reducing a solid electrode obtaining an energetic advantage for their own growth. In the present study, we assessed the possibility of stimulating bioelectrochemical reduction of Cr(VI) in a dual-chamber polarized system using an electrode as the sole energy source. To develop an electroactive microbial community three electrodes were, at first, inserted into the anodic compartment of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell, and inoculated with sludge from an anaerobic digester. After a period of acclimation, one electrode was transferred into a polarized system and it was fixed at −0.3 V (versus standard hydrogen electrode, SHE), to promote the reduction of 1000 µg Cr(VI) L−1. A second electrode, served for the set-up of an open circuit control, operated in parallel. Cr(VI) dissolved concentration was analysed at the initial, during the experiment and final time by spectrophotometric method. Initial and final microbial characterization of the communities enriched in polarized system and open circuit control was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bioelectrode set at −0.3 V showed high Cr(VI) removal efficiency (up to 93%) and about 150 µg L−1 day−1 removal rate. Similar efficiency was observed in the open circuit (OC) even at about half rate. Whereas, purely electrochemical reduction, limited to 35%, due to neutral operating conditions. These results suggest that bioelectrochemical Cr(VI) removal by polarized electrode offers a promising new and sustainable approach to the treatment of groundwater Cr(VI) plumes, deserving further research.
Francisco Lopez Moruno, Juan E. Rubio, Plamen Atanassov et al.
Bioelectrochemistry · 2018
Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a bioelectrochemical system capable of oxidizing organics, generating electricity, while reducing the salinity content of brine streams. As it is designed, anion and cation exchange membranes play an important role on the selective removal of ions from the desalination chamber. In this work, sulfonated sodium (Na + ) poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) cation exchange membranes (CEM) were tested in combination with quaternary ammonium chloride poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene oxide) (QAPPO) anion exchange membrane (AEM). Non-patterned and patterned (varying topographical features) CEMs were investigated and assessed in this work. The results were contrasted against a commercially available CEM. This work used real seawater from the Pacific Ocean in the desalination chamber. The results displayed a high desalination rate and power generation for all the membranes, with a maximum of 78.6±2.0% in salinity reduction and 235±7mWm -2 in power generation for the MDCs with the SPEEK CEM. Desalination rate and power generation achieved are higher with synthesized SPEEK membranes when compared with an available commercial CEM. An optimized combination of these types of membranes substantially improves the performances of MDC, making the system more suitable for real applications.
Juha Kokkonen, Elina Baillieul, John Quay
Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education · 2025
Abstract Outdoor education is often missing in formal curriculum, especially in primary education. With our experience living and working in Finland and Australia, we investigated this situation, revealing important similarities and differences relevant to understanding outdoor education. We highlight some of the differences between the two education systems that impact outdoor education, having learned more about these differences by interviewing primary school teachers involved with teaching and organising outdoor education in both Finland and Victoria, Australia. The different approaches to outdoor education in primary schools in each country illuminate the local and situated character of outdoor education. Importantly, the comparison also highlights similarities, revealing unique educational potential in outdoor education that goes untapped via the curriculum integration strategies espoused in both countries. This educational potential is expressed via the unity of (ad)venturing and environ(ment), which are often separated into physical education and environmental studies, thereby splitting outdoor education and removing the educational potential of their situated unity. Accessing this potential requires improving curricular support for teachers and schools in outdoor education, documenting unique outdoor education content in appropriate ways, and enabling access to resources available to mainstream subjects. Even though Finland and Australia are often considered education leaders internationally, as exemplified via PISA, more work in curriculum development is needed in these countries to better account for the learning that happens uniquely in outdoor education. We argue that an optional curriculum in outdoor education is required in both Finland and Australia to support the work already being done by teachers.
Ghilraen Laue, J. Claire Dean
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Anthropology · 2022
Rock art sites around the world are disappearing due to natural weathering, vandalism, and development. In Africa, conservation problems are compounded by the continent’s colonial legacy. Conservation can no longer just be seen in the narrow sense of conserving only the rock art; rather, there is a need for “consultative conservation” that includes the broader significance of a site and accommodates all stakeholders, including local communities. In this way, we can decolonize practices and work toward ideas for sustainable African conservation. Before embarking on conservation projects, all the values and significance of a site need to be considered. There is no point conserving an object or a site unless people find meaning in that conservation. The natural deterioration of a site can be due to exposure to the elements, rain, fluctuations in humidity and temperature, biological growth both on the art and in front of it, animal activity, wildfires, and geological and seismic activity. Human activities that degrade a site include scratching or writing of graffiti, repainting or adding details to images, water or other liquids splashed on the paintings to bring out the details, smoke from fires made in the shelters, and target practice. Some of these conservation problems can be mitigated with remedial interventions, but these require the skills of professional conservators that are often expensive and out of reach for many rock art conservation projects. Conservation through the management of sites is far more common and feasible in Africa. In working toward management practices that take all a site’s significance into account, there is a need to acknowledge and work toward undoing injustices, coercions, and exploitation in both conservation practice and legislation. Rather than seeing the conservators’ way of doing things as “best practice” to be implemented from a top-down level, local conservation practices that have worked for centuries need to be considered alongside other conservation measures. Although attempts here are made to be as inclusive as possible the authors’ experience means that the focus and many of the examples given are from southern Africa.
Sandra Montaño-Salazar, Elena Quintanilla, Juan A. Sánchez
Scientific Reports · 2023
The coral microbiome conforms a proxy to study effects of changing environmental conditions. However, scarce information exists regarding microbiome dynamics and host acclimation in response to environmental changes associated to global-scale disturbances. We assessed El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-derived thermal anomalies shifts in the bacterial microbiome of Pacifigorgia cairnsi (Gorgoniidae: Octocorallia) from the remote island of Malpelo in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Malpelo is a hot spot of biodiversity and lacks direct coastal anthropogenic impacts. We evaluated the community composition and predicted functional profiles of the microbiome during 2015, 2017 and 2018, including different phases of ENSO cycle. The bacterial community diversity and composition between the warming and cooling phase were similar, but differed from the neutral phase. Relative abundances of different microbiome core members such as Endozoicomonas and Mycoplasma mainly drove these differences. An acclimated coral holobiont is suggested not just to warm but also to cold stress by embracing similar microbiome shifts and functional redundancy that allow maintaining coral’s viability under thermal stress. Responses of the microbiome of unperturbed sea fans such as P. cairnsi in Malpelo could be acting as an extended phenotype facilitating the acclimation at the holobiont level.
Prakriti Sharma Ghimire, Shi-chang Kang, W. Sajjad et al.
Atmosphere · 2020
This study presents features of airborne culturable bacteria and fungi from three different sites (Lanzhou; LZ; 1520 m ASL, Lhasa; LS; 3640 m ASL and Qomolangma; ZF; 4276 m ASL) representing urban (LZ and LS) and remote sites (ZF) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Total suspended particle (TSP) samples were collected with an air sampler (Laoying 2030, China) on a quartz filter. Community structures of bacteria and fungi were studied and compared among three different locations. The average levels of bacterial load in the outdoor air ranged from approximately 8.03 × 101 to 3.25 × 102 CFU m–3 (Colony forming unit per m3). However, the average levels of fungal loads ranged from approximately 3.88 × 100 to 1.55 × 101 CFU m−3. Bacterial load was one magnitude higher at urban sites LZ (2.06 × 102–3.25 × 102 CFU m−3) and LS (1.96 × 102–3.23 × 102 CFU m−3) compared to remote sites ZF (8.03 × 101–9.54 × 101 CFU m−3). Similarly, the maximum fungal load was observed in LZ (1.02 × 101–1.55 × 101 CFU m−3) followed by LS (1.03 × 101–1.49 × 101 CFU m−3) and ZF (3.88 × 100–6.26 × 100 CFU m−3). However, the maximum microbial concentration was observed on the same day of the month, corresponding to a high dust storm in Lanzhou during the sampling period. The reported isolates were identified by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes for bacteria and ITS sequences for fungi amplified from directly extracted DNA. Bacterial isolates were mostly associated with Proteobacteria, Eurotiomycetes and Bacillus, whereas fungal isolates were mostly Aspergillus and Alternaria. Overall, this is a pioneer study that provides information about the airborne microbial concentration and composition of three sites over the TP region depending on environmental parameters. This study provided preliminary insight to carry out more advanced and targeted analyses of bioaerosol in the sites presented in the study.
Wilgince Apollon, S. Kamaraj, H. Rodríguez-Fuentes et al.
Biofuels · 2023
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SC-MFC) using undiluted livestock urine (i.e. cow, goat, and sheep urine). Data showed that the MFC with cow urine reached a maximum power density of 110.72 ± 0.42 mW m−2 at the maximum current density of 230.88 ± 0.65 mA m−2 and voltage of 277 ± 0.04 mV in a polarization experiment. Whereas, in terms of the long-term operation experiment, the same reactor reached a maximum power density of 7.60 ± 0.06 mW m−2 (on day 10), with an external resistance of 1000 Ω. Besides, 44.30% of microorganisms (strains) were found in the anode of Sheep-MFC due to the association of urine with the substrate, compared to other reactors. The study's findings indicated that the composition of the livestock urine positively affected power generation in the evaluated MFCs. In addition, cow urine was the best substrate for driving MFC technology compared to other types of urine used in this study.
Anastasia S. Medvedeva, Elena I. Gudkova, Aleksandra S. Titova et al.
Environmental Science: Nano · 2024
A simple-to-manufacture and inexpensive biosensor based on a nanostructured copper electrode, mediators and immobilized yeast or bacteria is proposed for determining the biochemical oxygen demand in wastewater.
Suriyaprabha Rajendran, V. Yadav, A. Gacem et al.
Crystals · 2022
Considering that freshwater is a necessity for human life, sewage treatment has been a serious concern for an increasing number of scientists and academics in recent years. To clean industrial effluents, innovative catalysts with good adsorption, chemical stability, and physicochemical properties have been constructed. Here, a prospective microbial consortium was extracted from the wastewater and used as a low-cost catalyst that was functionalized with silver and silver-doped hydroxyapatite (Ag@HAp) nanostructures made using a sonochemical approach. The structural, optical, and crystal phases of Ag and Ag-doped hydroxyapatite (Ag@HAp) nanostructures were studied using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. The degradation action of functionalized microbial consortia was examined against reactive orange 84 (RO84) organic discharge. Excellent efficiency for the removal of industrial effluents was found for the Ag NPs and Ag-doped hydroxyapatite (Ag@HAp) loaded with microbial consortia. A maximum of 95% of the decolorization properties of the RO84 dye were obtained in the case of microbial consortia with Ag and Ag@HAp, which was better than the consortia alone (80.32% for 5 ppm and 69.54% for 20 ppm). The consortia/Ag showed 93.34% for 5 ppm and 85.43% for 20 ppm, while was higher for consortia/Ag@HAp (95.34 and 88.43%). The use of these surface-modified nanocatalysts for wastewater treatment and waste effluents discharged from laboratories, the chemical industry, and other sources could be expanded.
Abdul Rauf Shaikh Abdul Rauf Shaikh, Ghulam Qadir Shar and Aamna Balouch Ghulam Qadir Shar and Aamna Balouch
Journal of the chemical society of pakistan · 2022
This study describes the simple and facile fabrication of silica-tagged magnetic nanostructures (Si@MNs) applied as a nanocatalyst to degrade Rhodamine-B (Rh-B) Dye from the real water samples. Fabricated material has been characterized by using different modern analytical techniques such FT-IR, SEM, XRD, ZS, ZP. According to a morphological study, the fabricated material contains a hexagonal, monoclinic shape and 68 nm in size after successful fabrication and characterization. The catalytic material has been used to degrade the Rh-B Dye. Various parameters have been optimized, such as the effect of reducing agent (NaBH4), impact of dye volume, and influence of catalyst dose to achieve the highest percentage of degradation. At optimal conditions, we get a good percentage of degradation up to 85% having good reproducibility. Fabricated catalyst has been successfully applied for actual water samples.
J. G. Price, B. Jager, L. Dancuart et al.
Handbook of Fuel Cells · 2010
Abstract While debate still rages over what the long term primary fuel source for fuel cells will be, there is no doubt that hydrocarbon fuels have a major advantage in terms of infrastructure and energy density compared to all other options. The disadvantage of these fuels lies in the fact that oil‐derived fuels are relatively expensive to convert into hydrogen and tend to be aggressive towards the fuel processor (reformer) and fuel cell catalysts. Synthetic hydrocarbon fuels, produced via the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis provide a sulfur‐ and aromatic‐free alternative to conventional hydrocarbons which are consequently more benign towards fuel cell catalysts. Currently, the technology is on a fast pace towards full commercialization, with the expectation that as much as 1 million barrels per day of capacity could be on line by the end of this decade, contingent on world economic conditions. Fuels produced using the gas‐to‐liquids technology, particularly when utilizing associated gas sources, provides an environmentally sound method of producing liquid fuels. Gasification of solid and liquid waste products may also be beneficially used to produce the synthesis gas required for the FT synthesis.
Ngo Anh Dao Ho, Sandhya Babel
RSC Advances · 2019
Different Ag( i ) solutions can be successfully reduced electrochemically to form Ag 0 deposits with dendritic and cubic structure at the cathode surface.
F. Ma, Chengcai Fu, Jing Yang et al.
Journal of Energy Engineering · 2020
AbstractSediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are an alternative renewable power supply for sensors and communication. However, their low power outputs limit their practical applications. Maximum p...
Jeongjin Yeo, Yoonseok Yang
2020 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC) · 2020
In this study, bioelectrochemical energy harvesting technology using a microbial fuel cell (MFC) is proposed which can generate electric energy from beverage residues containing abundant chemical energy. Various beverage residues (coffee, orange juice, soda, milk, yogurt, energy-drink, beer) were inoculated into the MFCs and results were observed. Output characteristics of the MFCs showed differences among all kind of beverages. These results showed that the activity of the microbes in the MFCs was varied due to differences in organic components of each beverage. However, MFCs successfully generated electric energy with all types of beverages used in the study. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in output performance compared with the control group which is inoculated with an initial substrate (vermicompost). MFCs inoculated with coffee and energy-drink generated a maximum power of above $50\ \mu\mathbf{W}$ which was 100 times higher than that of control MFC. It is expected that bioelectrochemical energy harvesting technology including MFC could be advanced into a sustainable power system beyond the pollutant treatment.
A. Salisu, Soma Deb
2024 International Conference on Electrical Electronics and Computing Technologies (ICEECT) · 2024
One benefit of electricity generation directly in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) from waste biomass is that it can produce high-columbic efficiency green energy. The output voltage and power density of the Microbial Fuel Cell are quite low, even though it can produce green energy from waste. The output voltage ranges from 300mV to 800mV and its power density is around 100 – 2000 mW/m3. Meanwhile, most electronics devices require above 3.3 V to operate. Therefore, there is a need to boost this output voltage and power to usable levels for electronic devices. Therefore, this paper proposes various energy harvesting technologies to raise the voltage of MFC to usable form. Future work will concentrate on creating a power management system (PMS) with ultralow power consumption components that is optimized for MFC operation.
Shakeel Ahmed
Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies · 2016
There are numerous forms of energy that can gratify the needs of computing, these energies include solar, thermal, mechanical, wind, acoustic, and wave for different devices and applications. With ubiquitous computing requirements for self-powered devices such as MEMS (Micro-electromechanical systems) and these devices have narrow capacity of finite power sources and it is needed that these systems are needed to be supplied with energy for the lifetime of the system. Mostly Batteries are the main source of energy for many of these mobile systems, embedded systems and remote system applications. There is a requirement for Energy harvesting which is a method of extracting energy from the nearby environment called Environmental energy which can be used as supernumerary to electrochemical battery. Studies are being conducted to harvest energy from solar, wind, thermal, tidal and other mechanical sources which have limited lifespan. This paper serves as a study to identify various sources of energy available for harvesting centered on various technical papers available and present the work carried out by investigators in identifying them.
Tole Sutikno, Rizky Ajie Aprilianto
Intellectual Journal of Energy Harvesting and Storage · 2023
Energy harvesting systems (EHS) have been known as a concept to obtain energy from a clean source and convert it into other energy, including electricity. EHS can be classified into four sources: light, electromagnetic, thermal, and kinetic energy. Unfortunately, most harvester devices generate electricity within the low-voltage level, so voltage conditioning is needed to achieve a feasible level. Single‐ended primary‐inductor converter (SEPIC) DC-DC converter becomes one of the solutions to realize it, which works by increasing DC level voltage. In this study, the role of SEPIC DC-DC converter for HES applications focusing on three of four sources along with its harvester devices, i.e., light by PV, gradient temperature by TEG, and pressure by a piezoelectric device, are reviewed. Also, the overview of challenges and the possibility of HES obtained are described. Then, the application of each harvester device and the SEPIC DC-DC converter is explained to low-voltage EHS applications, for instance, in renewable energy power plants, street lighting, small-scale power applications, or power sources at wearable devices. Lastly, the primary issue in the SEPIC DC-DC converter and research information that may be carried out in future studies are given.
Chotika Sangthong, Chatchai Ponchio
Progress in Applied Science and Technology · 2023
Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) techniques are an innovative and promising method for eliminating microorganisms. Developing and applying such advanced technologies is essential for protecting public health and the environment. Semiconductor electrode development is a major issue in the advancement of such methods. We have developed a technique for fabricating WO3-Bi2WO6 electrodes using cyclic voltammetry (CV), focusing on the efficiency of the reaction and investigating key aspects for its use in microbial degradation. The optimization of the CV method parameter and calcination temperature was conducted in order to enhance the characteristics of composite WO3-Bi2WO6 electrodes for the aqueous oxidation process. The properties of the fabricated composited WO3-Bi2WO6 electrode were analyzed by several techniques, including UV-visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The PEC water oxidation and total microorganism elimination efficiencies were investigated to validate the application of the developed composite WO3-Bi2WO6 electrode properties. The characteristics of the prepared composite WO3-Bi2WO6 electrodes are significantly influenced by the calcination temperature. We were able to satisfactorily verify the electrodes' properties in a reaction involving different calcining temperatures. At a calcining temperature of 450 °C, WO3-Bi2WO6 electrodes exhibited excellent PEC activity in water oxidation and electron transfer rate at the electrode surface. The composited WO3-Bi2WO6 electrode can effectively remove 96% of total microorganisms under the PEC process within 15 minutes. This study provides important background information for future work on composite semiconductor thin film preparations with potential applications in microbe eradication and environmental protection.
Jing jing Pan, Luyu Tan, Qingqing Fan et al.
Research Square · 2022
Abstract Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) have rapidly developed into a promising technology to treat sulfate-rich wastewater that lacks electron donors. However, little is known regarding the effect of different carbon sources on the microbial community structure bioelectrochemical systems. This study sought to investigate the effect of different carbon sources (NaHCO 3 , ethanol, and acetate were employed as sole carbon source respectively) on the performance of sulfate-reducing biocathodes. The sulfate reduction efficiency enhanced by the bioelectrochemical systems was 8.09%−11.57% higher than that of open-circuit reference experiments. Furthermore, the optimum carbon source was ethanol with a maximum sulfate reduction rate of 170 mg L −1 d −1 in the bioelectrochemical systems. The different carbon sources induced significant differences in sulfate reduction efficiency as demonstrated by the application of a micro-electrical field. The dominant sulfate-reducing bacteria that use NaHCO 3 and acetate as carbon sources were Desulfobacter and Desulfobulbus , whereas those that use ethanol as carbon source were Desulfomicrobium and Desulfovibrio . Our results suggest that ethanol is a more suitable carbon source for sulfate reduction in bioelectrochemical systems.
Yohei Suzuki, Fumiaki Makino, Tomoko Miyata et al.
ChemRxiv · 2022
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) from Gluconobacter japonicus NBRC3260, a membrane-bound flavohemoprotein capable of direct electron transfer (DET)-type bioelectrocatalysis, was investigated from the viewpoints of structural biology and bioelectrochemistry. As FDH provides a strong DET-type catalytic signal, extensive research has been conducted. Structural analysis using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and single-particle analysis revealed the entire FDH structure. The electron transfer (ET) pathway during the catalytic oxidation of D-fructose was investigated using thermodynamic and kinetic approaches in bioelectrochemistry, as well as structural information. Key amino acid residues that play important roles in substrate specificity and ET acceleration have also been proposed.
O San Martin
Journal of Physics: Conference Series · 2023
Abstract This paper aims to present a general overview of the social acceptance of wind energy developments in Europe and identify influential social acceptance factors. First, we show social acceptance levels for renewable energy (onshore wind) projects in selected European countries and how it varies across and within countries. In addition, we produce regional maps showing within country variations in social acceptance indicators. Second, using an econometric model, we study how different factors influence social acceptance levels. Our investigation assesses social acceptance of renewable energy developments using primary data from two comprehensive opinion surveys. The first opinion survey-conducted in September/October 2021-contains more than 16 000 observations from 8 European countries and allows us to assess how social acceptance is affected by the distance to the wind parks. The second opinion survey – conducted in June 2022 - contains more than 18 000 observations from 9 European countries and allows us to assess-through an econometric model how social acceptance is affected by a set of relevant influential factors, including perceptions, preferences towards energy suppliers, preferences for community benefits schemes, and demographic factors among others. The analysis of the information gathered for this investigation shows variations across European countries and within each of the countries covered by this study. The findings from this study might be helpful to take into consideration during the planning and development of renewable energy projects and improve targeting the work towards community engagement aiming to obtain the social license to build and operate renewable energy projects.
Azrina Karima, K. M. Hassan
Journal of Engineering Science · 2022
In developing countries, including Bangladesh, deliberate disposal of the untreated slaughterhouse wastewater causes environmental pollution and poses threat to public health. In this study, slaughterhouse wastewater was analyzed for the Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), and faecal coliforms (E. coli) were found ranging between 1,840–3,300 mg/L, 62–619 mg/L and est.>3,400– 6,00,000 CFU/100 ml, respectively. A bench-scale treatment unit, adopting activated sludge process, was developed in the laboratory and the average treatment efficiency for BOD5 and TSS were found 67% and 39%, respectively. However, the efficiency for microbial removal performance was inconclusive. An additional duel-media granular filtration unit was developed to improve the effluent quality and the treatment efficiencies for BOD5, TSS and E. coli were improved to 90% to 100%. The study highlighted the level of pollution caused by the slaughterhouse wastewater disposal to the surrounding water bodies and how the decentralized treatment approach can improve water quality. Journal of Engineering Science 13(1), 2022, 41-50
Thirulogachandar Asokan, Jayanthi Singaram, P. Sundaram
International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development · 2018
Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel, which can be synthesised from renewable biological sources. Lipid production using carbon source in wastewater is an emerging process as it purely depends on waste source. In the present study, the ability of Yarrowia lipolytica to accumulate lipids using slaughterhouse wastewater as substrate was investigated. Using raw wastewater as substrate, maximum lipid content (0.43 g/L) and biomass (1.2 g/g) were obtained. Various pre-treatment methods like acid, alkaline, heat, activated carbon and sawdust treatment were performed and two-fold increase in C/N ratio was observed in combined pre-treatment of sawdust with KOH. Using pretreated wastewater, lipid accumulation was enhanced to 32% with lipid content of 0.64 g/L. Results of this study conclude that the pre-treated slaughterhouse wastewater can be employed as a better feedstock for lipid production using Yarrowia lipolytica.
Noémi N. Gönczi, Zoltán Bagi, Márk Szuhaj et al.
Preprints.org · 2023
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have great potential in renewable energy production technologies. BES can generate electricity via Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) or use the electric current for the synthesis of valuable commodities in Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs). The number of various reactor configurations and operational protocols increasing rapidly although, the industrial scale operation is still facing difficulties. This article reviews the recent BES related to literature, with special attention to electrosynthesis and the most promising reactor configurations. We also attempted to clarify the numerous definitions proposed for BESs. The main components of BES are highlighted. Although the comparison of the various fermentation systems is we collected useful and generally applicable operational parameters to be used for comparative studies. A brief overview to link the appropriate microbes to the optimal reactor design is given.
Lukasz Szydlowski, Anatoly Sorokin, Olga Vasieva et al.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2019
SUMMARY Bio-electrochemical systems can generate electricity by virtue of mature microbial consortia that gradually and spontaneously optimize performance. To evaluate selective enrichment of these electrogenic microbial communities, five, 3-electrode reactors were inoculated with microbes derived from rice wash wastewater and incubated under a range of applied potentials. Reactors were sampled over a 12-week period and DNA extracted from anodal, cathodal, and planktonic bacterial communities was interrogated using a custom-made bioinformatics pipeline that combined 16S and metagenomic samples to monitor temporal changes in community composition. Some genera that constituted a minor proportion of the initial inoculum dominated within weeks following inoculation and correlated with applied potential. For instance, the abundance of Geobacter increased from 423-fold to 766-fold between −350 mV and −50 mV, respectively. Full metagenomic profiles of bacterial communities were obtained from reactors operating for 12 weeks. Functional analyses of metagenomes revealed metabolic changes between different species of the dominant genus, Geobacter , suggesting that optimal nutrient utilization at the lowest electrode potential is achieved via genome rearrangements and a strong inter-strain selection, as well as adjustment of the characteristic syntrophic relationships. These results reveal a certain degree of metabolic plasticity of electrochemically active bacteria and their communities in adaptation to adverse anodic and cathodic environments.
Ecevit Bilgili
Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry · 2024
The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry continues to be one of the most important industry sectors for various reasons [...]
XiaXia Wang, Yu Zhao, Li'E. Jin et al.
RSC Advances · 2024
This study explores the removal of Cd( ii ) from wastewater using a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) to investigate the electrochemical performance and removal kinetics and the mechanism of action of electrochemically active bacteria.
Youzhao Wang, Yuan Pan, Xianjin Li et al.
RSC Advances · 2018
This study proposes an ultrasound treatment–up flow anaerobic sludge blanket–microbial electrolysis cell (UT-UASB-MEC) degradation system.
Edgardo I. Valenzuela, María F. Ortiz-Zúñiga, Julián Carrillo-Reyes et al.
Chemosphere · 2021
This work proves the feasibility of employing regular secondary activated sludge for the enrichment of a microbial community able to perform the anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to nitrate reduction (N-AOM). After 96 days of activated sludge enrichment, a clear N-AOM activity was observed in the resulting microbial community. The methane removal potential of the enriched N-AOM culture was then studied in a stirred tank reactor (STR) operated in continuous mode for methane supply and semi-continuous mode for the liquid phase. The effect of applying nitrate loads of ∼22, 44, 66, and 88 g NO 3 - m -3 h -1 on (i) STR methane and nitrate removal performance, (ii) N 2 O emission, and (iii) microbial composition was investigated. Methane elimination capacities from 21 ± 13.3 to 55 ± 12 g CH 4 m -3 h -1 were recorded, coupled to nitrate removal rates ranging from 6 ± 3.2 to 43 ± 14.9 g NO 3 - m -3 h -1 . N 2 O production was not detected under the three nitrate loading rates applied for the assessment of potential N 2 O emission in the continuous N-AOM process (i.e. ∼22-66 g NO -3 m -3 h -1 ). The lack of N 2 O emissions during the process was attributed to the N 2 O reducing capacity of the bacterial taxa identified and the rigorous control of dissolved O 2 and pH implemented (dissolved O 2 values ≤ 0.07 g m -3 and pH of 7.6 ± 0.4). Microbial characterization showed that the N-AOM process was performed in absence of putative N-AOM archaea and bacteria (ANME-2d, M. oxyfera). Instead, microbial activity was driven by methane-oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria (Bacteroidetes, α-, and γ-proteobacteria).
Heinz Hiegemann, Tobias Littfinski, Stefan Krimmler et al.
Bioresource Technology · 2019
Ashish Yewale, Ravi Methekar, Shailesh Agrawal
Chemical Engineering Research and Design · 2019
Zane Kleinmane, Arturs Gruduls, Vizma Nikolajeva et al.
Journal of Biotechnology · 2016
Ana Sotres, Laura Tey, August Bonmatí et al.
Bioelectrochemistry · 2016
Xue Song, Guangsheng Chen, Feiyue Wang et al.
Fuel · 2024
Chih-Yu Chen, Guey-Horng Wang, Teh-Hua Tsai et al.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A · 2017
A novel two-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) operation with a continuous anaerobic-aerobic decolorization system was developed to improve the degradation of the triphenylmethane dye, Victoria blue R (VBR). In addition, bioelectricity was generated during the VBR degradation process, and the operation parameters were optimized. The results indicated that the VBR removal efficiency and electricity generation were affected by the VBR concentration, liquid retention time (LRT), external resistance, gas retention time (GRT), and shock loading. The optimal operation parameters were as follows: VBR concentration, 600 mg L -1 ; LRT, 24 h; external resistance, 3300 Ω; and GRT, 60 s. Under these operating conditions, the VBR removal efficiency, COD removal efficiency, and power density were 98.2% ± 0.3%, 97.6% ± 0.5%, and 30.6 ± 0.4 mW m -2 , respectively. According to our review of the relevant literature, this is the first paper to analyze the electrical characteristics of a continuous two-chamber MFC operation and demonstrate the feasibility of the simultaneous electricity generation and decolorization of VBR.
Suresh Babu Pasupuleti, Sandipam Srikanth, S. Venkata Mohan et al.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · 2015
Swathi Kuchi, Omprakash Sarkar, Sai Kishore Butti et al.
Bioresource Technology · 2018
The effect of stacking multiple microbial fuel cells for stable power output was evaluated in continuous mode operation. Three single chambered air cathode CMFCs with Nafion (CMFC N ), Terry cotton (CMFC T ) as membranes and one without membrane (CMFC ML ) were operated in continuous mode. Maximum power density (PD) and COD removal efficiency was obtained for CMFC N (0.1 W/m 2 , 50%) followed by CMFC ML (0.062 W/m 2 , 47%) and CMFC T (0.025 W/m 2 , 39%) and were stable throughout the operation. To increase the power output further, stacking of CMFCs was carried in series/parallel circuitry, which yielded high power density in parallel (2.0 W/m 2 ; 7.2 W/m 3 ) and high voltage in series (1.1 V). Study also evidenced that stacking resulted in high and stable bioelectricity by minimizing the electron losses in comparison to individual CMFCs operation. Stable and high power output signifies the impact of continuous mode operation that constantlty replenishes the substrate.
Keiichi Kubota, Tomohide Watanabe, Takashi Yamaguchi et al.
Environmental Technology · 2016
D. Hidalgo, A. Sacco, S. Hernández et al.
Bioresource Technology · 2015
A mixed microbial population naturally presents in seawater was used as active anodic biofilm of two Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), employing either a 2D commercial carbon felt or 3D carbon-coated Berl saddles as anode electrodes, with the aim to compare their electrochemical behavior under continuous operation. After an initial increase of the maximum power density, the felt-based cell reduced its performance at 5 months (from 7 to 4 μW cm(-2)), while the saddle-based MFC exceeds 9 μW cm(-2) (after 2 months) and maintained such performance for all the tests. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to identify the MFCs controlling losses and indicates that the mass-transport limitations at the biofilm-electrolyte interface have the main contribution (>95%) to their internal resistance. The activation resistance was one order of magnitude lower with the Berl saddles than with carbon felt, suggesting an enhanced charge-transfer in the high surface-area 3D electrode, due to an increase in bacteria population growth.