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Abstract

Environmental and sustainable economical concerns are generating a growing interest in biofuels predominantly produced from biomass. It would be ideal if an energy conversion device could directly extract energy from a sustainable energy resource such as biomass. Unfortunately, up to now, such a direct conversion device produces insufficient power to meet the demand of practical applications. To realize the future of biofuel-fed fuel cells as a green energy conversion device, efforts have been devoted to the development of carbon-based nanomaterials with tunable electronic and surface characteristics to act as efficient metal-free electrocatalysts and/or as supporting matrix for metal-based electrocatalysts. We present here a mini review on the recent advances in carbon-based catalysts for each type of biofuel-fed/biofuel cells that directly/indirectly extract energy from biomass resources, and discuss the challenges and perspectives in this developing field.

Keywords

Biomass (ecology)BiofuelFuel cellsRenewable energyEnergy transformationNanotechnologySustainable energyElectrochemical energy conversionCarbon fibersEnvironmental scienceResource (disambiguation)Biochemical engineeringMaterials scienceWaste managementComputer scienceEngineeringChemistryChemical engineeringElectrical engineeringElectrochemistryComposite numberEcology

Identifiers

Journal
Sensors
Year
2017