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REVIEW

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Abstract

production, has been the subject of extensive study over the past decades. In this comprehensive review, we first summarize the fundamentals of HER and review the recent state-of-the-art advances in the low-cost and high-performance catalysts based on noble and non-noble metals, as well as metal-free HER electrocatalysts. We systemically discuss the insights into the relationship among the catalytic activity, morphology, structure, composition, and synthetic method. Strategies for developing an effective catalyst, including increasing the intrinsic activity of active sites and/or increasing the number of active sites, are summarized and highlighted. Finally, the challenges, perspectives, and research directions of HER electrocatalysis are featured.

Keywords

ElectrocatalystChemistryHydrogen productionFuel cellsNanotechnologyElectrolysis of waterNoble metalHydrogen economyCatalysisFossil fuelBiochemical engineeringRenewable energyElectrolysisChemical engineeringElectrochemistryMaterials scienceEngineering

Identifiers

DOI
10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00248
Journal
Chemical Reviews
Year
2019