PROBLEMATIKA PENGAWASAN TERHADAP LEMBAGA NEGARA INDEPENDEN DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN

Abstract

The development of Indonesia’s constitutional system after the reform era has been marked by the establishment of various independent state institutions aimed at strengthening the rule of law and democracy; however, their existence has generated problems concerning oversight in balancing independence and accountability. This study aims to analyze the oversight mechanisms of independent state institutions within Indonesia’s constitutional system and to identify normative and structural challenges arising in practice. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches through library research on primary and secondary legal materials, analyzed qualitatively with a deductive method. The findings indicate that oversight of independent state institutions is conducted through internal and external mechanisms, including legislative, executive, judicial supervision, and public participation. Nevertheless, such oversight still faces issues of unclear authority boundaries, potential political intervention, and an underdeveloped legal framework, thus requiring a proportional and constitutional oversight model to ensure both independence and accountability.

Key findings

• ▸Oversight is currently conducted through a combination of internal controls and external mechanisms involving legislative, executive, judicial, and public participation channels.
• ▸Significant challenges persist due to unclear boundaries of authority, susceptibility to political intervention, and an underdeveloped legal framework.
• ▸A proportional and constitutionally grounded oversight model is required to effectively balance the competing demands of independence and accountability.

Keywords

Identifiers

DOI

10.59896/pesolah.v2i1.602

Journal

PESOLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Humaniora

Year

2026