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This study investigates the performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, focusing on single-cell, double-stack, and triple-stack designs. The results show that a triple-stack fuel cell system at 0.5 volts produces the maximum electric power, but also generates the most heat. The study provides insights into the potential field behavior, thermal management, and species behavior during electrochemical reactions.

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Abstract

Abstract In this article, we investigated the performance of fuel cells. Our study is based on the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). We performed a numerical simulation of a PEMFC using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) via Ansys Fluent software. In this study, we focused on analyzing and comparing various designs of fuel cell systems, including single-cell, double-stack, and triple-stack. We investigated the potential field behavior and thermal management for single and stack fuel cell systems at different electrical potentials (ranging from 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 volts). The maximum electric power in fuel cell systems is obtained when a fuel cell stack containing three cell units is utilized at 0.5 volts; however, this triple fuel cell stack causes the highest heat generation. In addition, we studied species behavior during the electrochemical reactions.

Key findings

  • The triple-stack fuel cell system produces the maximum electric power at 0.5 volts
  • The triple-stack design generates the highest heat generation
  • Species behavior during electrochemical reactions is affected by the fuel cell design and operating conditions

Keywords

Stack (abstract data type)Proton exchange membrane fuel cellFuel cellsComputational fluid dynamicsNuclear engineeringFluent

Identifiers

DOI
10.1115/imece2025-168478
Journal
Volume 6: Energy
Year
2025