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Researchers developed a nitrogen-substituted carbon network composite with improved pseudocapacitance, enhancing capacitor performance. The composite showed excellent charge propagation and electrochemical performance in acidic and alkaline electrolytes. However, it was not suitable for neutral or organic electrolytes.

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Abstract

Abstract We report on the pseudo‐capacitance induced by a nitrogen substituted in the carbon network composite prepared by a simple carbonisation (750 °C) of formaldehyde and melamine in the presence of carbon nanotubes. Nitrogen content in the composites varied from 7.4 to 21.7 wt.%. Such materials have a higher density than activated carbons, hence, they can supply better volumetric capacity. N‐rich composites show an excellent charge propagation at current loads from 500 mA g –1 to 50 A g –1 because of multiwalled nanotubes which play a conducting as well as a supporting role. The electrochemical performance of various composites was investigated in two‐ and three‐electrode cells using acidic (1 mol L –1 H 2 SO 4 ), alkaline (6 mol L –1 KOH), neutral (1 mol L –1 Na 2 SO 4 ) and organic electrolytes (1 mol L –1 TEABF 4 in acetonitrile). Organic and neutral medium is not adapted for N‐rich carbon electrodes of supercapacitor. The detailed electrochemical characterisation pointed out the differences of charge propagation of electrodes with the different polarity.

Key findings

  • Nitrogen content in the composites varied from 7.4 to 21.7 wt.%
  • N-rich composites showed excellent charge propagation at current loads from 500 mA g⁻¹ to 50 A g⁻¹
  • The electrochemical performance of various composites was investigated in two- and three-electrode cells using different electrolytes

Keywords

PseudocapacitanceSupercapacitorElectrochemistryMelamineCarbon nanotubeElectrolyte

Identifiers

DOI
10.1002/fuce.201000032
Journal
Fuel Cells
Year
2010