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The paper presents experimental investigations on a 720 W polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack, with a focus on its energy efficiency and integration with a lithium-ion battery pack.

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System
MFC

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Abstract

This article presents the results of experimental investigations on an advanced model of a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack designed to serve as a charging unit for electric vehicle batteries or off-grid distributed power sources. The assembled 720 W PEMFC stack comprises two 360 W modules that can be electrically connected in series or parallel. A liquid cooling system for the PEMFC stack has also been constructed. The dependencies – voltage ( U ) versus current ( I ) and current ( I ) versus electrical power ( P ) – for single modules, as well as for the electrically connected two-module PEMFC stack, are determined. Additionally, the hydrogen utilization versus the electrical power ( P ) of the PEMFC stack is examined. The electrical efficiency of the PEMFC stack varies between 42% and 50%, depending on the electrical power. An adjustable DC/DC converter, operating in two modes (step-down or stepup), is proposed as a device to integrate a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack with approximately 720 W PEMFC stack. The electrical architecture of the integrated system, comprising the PEMFC stack, DC/DC converter, and Li-ion battery pack, is investigated and discussed in this paper. It was found that the electrical efficiency of the proposed DC/DC converter varies depending on the electrical power, reaching a peak efficiency of 95%– 98%. The environmental benefit, in terms of reducing CO 2 emissions when charging the battery, was also identified.

Key findings

  • The electrical efficiency of the PEMFC stack varies between 42% and 50%, depending on the electrical power.
  • A liquid cooling system for the PEMFC stack has been constructed.
  • An adjustable DC/DC converter is proposed to integrate a lithium-ion battery pack with the PEMFC stack.

Keywords

Stack (abstract data type)Proton exchange membrane fuel cellBattery (electricity)Electrical engineeringElectric powerPower (physics)

Identifiers

DOI
10.1051/e3sconf/202455101010
Journal
E3S Web of Conferences
Year
2023