Simultaneous Cellulose Degradation and Electricity Production by Enterobacter cloacae in a Microbial Fuel Cell

Abstract

ABSTRACT Electricity can be directly generated by bacteria in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) from many different biodegradable substrates. When cellulose is used as the substrate, electricity generation requires a microbial community with both cellulolytic and exoelectrogenic activities. Cellulose degradation with electricity production by a pure culture has not been previously demonstrated without addition of an exogenous mediator. Using a specially designed U-tube MFC, we enriched a consortium of exoelectrogenic bacteria capable of using cellulose as the sole electron donor. After 19 dilution-to-extinction serial transfers of the consortium, 16S rRNA gene-based community analysis using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and band sequencing revealed that the dominant bacterium was Enterobacter cloacae . An isolate designated E. cloacae FR from the enrichment was found to be 100% identical to E. cloacae ATCC 13047 T based on a partial 16S rRNA sequence. In polarization tests using the U-tube MFC and cellulose as a substrate, strain FR produced 4.9 ± 0.01 mW/m 2 , compared to 5.4 ± 0.3 mW/m 2 for strain ATCC 13047 T . These results demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to generate electricity from cellulose using a single bacterial strain without exogenous mediators.

Key findings

• ▸Cellulose degradation with electricity production was achieved by a pure culture of Enterobacter cloacae without the addition of an exogenous mediator.
• ▸The dominant bacterium in the consortium was identified as Enterobacter cloacae through 16S rRNA gene-based community analysis.
• ▸The isolated strain FR produced 4.2-3.6 mW/cm² of electricity in polarization tests using cellulose as a substrate.

Keywords

Identifiers

DOI

10.1128/aem.02600-08

Journal

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Year

2009