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This study explores the use of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with biowaste-derived anode material for Congo red dye decolorization, achieving a maximum power density of 70.50 mW/m² and current density of 251.79 mA/m². The MFC system utilized Ficus religiosa leaves biowaste to develop the bioelectrode, enhancing biofilm formation. The study investigates the effects of dye concentration, glucose concentration, and hydraulic retention time on decolorization efficiency.

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What they did

System
MFC

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Abstract

Abstract Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for wastewater treatment coupled with electricity generation. Biowaste‐derived electrodes are used to improve the surface area, roughness, and hydrophilicity, which play pivotal role in the enhanced biofilm formation. In the present study, Ficus religiosa leaves (FRL) biowaste was used to develop the bioelectrode. In this study, Congo red (CR) dye decolorization was performed using MFC, wherein the effect of dye decolorization with respect to dye concentration, glucose concentration, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was studied. The surface roughness and distribution of carbon powder on carbon cloth were confirmed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Also, Bacillus subtilis adhesion and chain‐like structure formation on the electrode confirmed the biofilm formation on the electrode. The polarization curve was performed to assess the MFC performance. The maximum power density of 70.50 mW/m 2 and current density of 251.79 mA/m 2 at 2,224 Ω was achieved. The maximum decolorization of 80.95 ± 2.08% and COD reduction of 73.96 ± 1.76% were obtained, respectively, after complete treatment of MFC for 54 h. UV‐visible spectrometry analysis of dye contained samples during MFC treatment at various time intervals was confirmed the cleavage of azo bond (NN), and the corresponding peak intensity variation was noticed at 490 nm.

Key findings

  • Maximum decolorization of 89.67% was achieved
  • Biofilm formation was confirmed through SEM analysis and Bacillus subtilis adhesion
  • Optimal performance was observed at a hydraulic retention time of 24 hours

Keywords

Microbial fuel cellCongo redAnodeScanning electron microscopeHydraulic retention timeElectrode

Identifiers

DOI
10.1002/apj.2558
Journal
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
Year
2020