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This paper proposes a robust maximum power point tracking control method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system, aiming to improve the efficiency of power production. The method uses a current reference estimator and the backstepping technique to drive a DC-DC boost converter. The proposed algorithm is compared to a proportional-integral controller and shows improved performance.

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System
MFC

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Abstract

Taking into account the limited capability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to produce energy, it is mandatory to provide solutions, in which an efficient power produced by PEMFCs can be attained. The maximum power point tracker (MPPT) plays a considerable role in the performance improvement of the PEMFCs. Conventional MPPT algorithms showed good performances due to their simplicity and easy implementation. However, oscillations around the maximum power point and inefficiency in the case of rapid change in operating conditions are their main drawbacks. To this end, a new MPPT scheme based on a current reference estimator is presented. The main goal of this work is to keep the PEMFCs functioning at an efficient power point. This goal is achieved using the backstepping technique, which drives the DC–DC boost converter inserted between the PEMFC and the load. The stability of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by means of Lyapunov analysis. To verify the ability of the proposed method, an extensive simulation test is executed in a Matlab–Simulink TM environment. Compared with the well-known proportional–integral (PI) controller, results indicate that the proposed backstepping technique offers rapid and adequate converging to the operating power point.

Key findings

  • The proposed MPPT scheme reduces oscillations around the maximum power point
  • The method is more efficient in case of rapid changes in operating conditions
  • The stability of the algorithm is demonstrated through Lyapunov analysis

Keywords

Maximum power point trackingControl theory (sociology)Proton exchange membrane fuel cellMaximum power principleBacksteppingPower (physics)

Identifiers

DOI
10.3390/app8122449
Journal
Applied Sciences
Year
2018