Autotrophic bacterial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using carbon dioxide as a sustainable carbon source.
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75% confidenceThis paper reviews the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by autotrophic bacteria using carbon dioxide as a sustainable carbon source, highlighting recent progress in photoautotrophs, chemolithoautotrophs, and microbial electrosynthesis.
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Abstract
The persistence of fossil fuel-based plastics poses significant environmental challenges, prompting increased research into biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers derived from cost-effective and sustainable resources. Different microorganisms can produce PHA amongst carbon dioxide (CO 2 )-assimilating autotrophic organisms, particularly noteworthy in carbon capture and utilization (CCU). Autotrophic bacteria have evolved to utilize either light (photoautotrophy) or inorganic chemicals (chemolithoautotrophy) to capture CO 2 , which powers their primary and secondary metabolic activities. This review explores the diversity of PHA-producing autotrophs, the metabolic pathways implicated in autotrophic PHA accumulation, and recent progress in photoautotrophs and chemolithoautotrophs regarding PHA synthesis using CO 2 . Additionally, microbial electrosynthesis for converting CO 2 to PHA is also discussed. Genetic engineering strategies are also emphasized for the autotrophic synthesis of PHA. This review also addresses the challenges and prospects for sustainable PHA production using CO 2 .