Dairy Wastewater as a Potential Feedstock for Valuable Production with Concurrent Wastewater Treatment through Microbial Electrochemical Technologies
Anusha Ganta, Yasser Bashir, Sovik Das
AI summary
70% confidenceDairy wastewater can be treated and utilized as a feedstock for valuable production using microbial electrochemical technologies (METs), which are more energy-efficient and cost-effective than traditional methods.
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Abstract
A milk-processing plant was drafted as a distinctive staple industry amid the diverse field of industries. Dairy products such as yogurt, cheese, milk powder, etc., consume a huge amount of water not only for product processing, but also for sanitary purposes and for washing dairy-based industrial gear. Henceforth, the wastewater released after the above-mentioned operations comprises a greater concentration of nutrients, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and organic and inorganic contents that can pose severe ecological issues if not managed effectively. The well-known processes such as coagulation–flocculation, membrane technologies, electrocoagulation, and other biological processes such as use of a sequencing batch reactor, upflow sludge anaerobic blanket reactor, etc., that are exploited for the treatment of dairy effluent are extremely energy-exhaustive and acquire huge costs in terms of fabrication and maintenance. In addition, these processes are not competent in totally removing various contaminants that exist in dairy effluent. Accordingly, to decrease the energy need, microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) can be effectively employed, thereby also compensating the purification charges by converting the chemical energy present in impurities into bioelectricity and value-added products. Based on this, the current review article illuminates the application of diverse METs as a suitable substitute for traditional technology for treating dairy wastewater. Additionally, several hindrances on the way to real-world application and techno-economic assessment of revolutionary METs are also deliberated.
Key findings
- Dairy wastewater contains high concentrations of nutrients, chemical oxygen demand, and total suspended solids, posing ecological issues if not managed effectively.
- Traditional wastewater treatment processes such as coagulation-flocculation, membrane technologies, and electrocoagulation are energy-exhaustive and costly.
- Microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) can effectively treat dairy wastewater and recover valuable products while reducing energy needs.
Keywords
Identifiers
- Journal
- Energies
- Year
- 2022