Electrochemical Treatment of Doxycycline-Containing Wastewater from Pharmaceutical Industry in Batch and Once-Through Continuous Mode

Abstract

Doxycycline (DOXY), a widely used antibiotic during COVID-19, was overused, leading to concerns about contamination of aquatic environments and environmental problems. The present study used the Ti/TiO 2 -RuO 2 -IrO 2 electrode for DOXY’s electrochemical oxidation (EO) in batch and once-through continuous mode operations. Process parameters were optimized using a response surface methodology (RSM)-Box-Behnken Design (BBD) model. The impact of key input parameters, including time (t), current density (j) (mA cm −2 ), and pH, on the percentage of DOXY degradation and energy consumption was systematically investigated. Under optimal conditions pH = 3, t = 73 min, and j = 11.63 mA cm −2 , DOXY degradation achieved 91% with an energy consumption of 5.283 kWh m −3 . In the once-through continuous mode EO process, optimal conditions reached 91% DOXY degradation with an energy consumption of 13.98 kWh m −3 , achieved at a residence time (R t ) of 139 min, elapsed (E t ) time of 100 min and at j = 20.40 mA cm −2 . The EO process utilizing Ti/TiO 2 -RuO 2 -IrO 2 electrodes demonstrates significant potential for the degradation of DOXY, primarily due to its enhanced degradation efficiency. This method’s superior performance highlights its viability as a highly effective approach for the treatment of DOXY-contaminated wastewater.

Keywords

Identifiers

DOI

10.1149/1945-7111/ad9414

Journal

Journal of The Electrochemical Society

Year

2024