Synergistic interplay between quorum sensing and direct interspecies electron transfer enhances anaerobic granular sludge resilience under toxic stress.
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75% confidenceThe study demonstrates that combining quorum sensing and direct interspecies electron transfer enhances anaerobic granular sludge resilience under toxic stress, leading to improved COD removal and methane yield.
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Abstract
The stability of anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) is frequently compromised by the biotoxicity of recalcitrant organic compounds. The present study employed exogenous signalling molecules (AHLs) and nanoscale Fe 3 O 4 (Fe 3 O 4 NP) particles to modulate quorum sensing (QS) and direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). The findings of the study demonstrated that this combined strategy enhanced COD removal by 22.4% and increased methane yield by 54.4%. The results of this study demonstrate that AHLs and Fe 3 O 4 NPs induce granular structural remodelling, promote secretion of hydrophobic extracellular polymers, and enrich methanogenic and mutualistic microbial communities. QS and DIET synergistically upregulated genes such as pilA/B and fpo, enhancing c-Cyts and conductive pili assembly to establish efficient electron transfer pathways. Concurrently, they stimulated the synthesis of hydrophobic amino acids, thereby strengthening the stability of biofilms. This study constitutes the inaugural demonstration of synergistic QS and DIET regulation, thereby establishing a theoretical framework for enhancing AnGS performance in the treatment of refractory organic wastewater.