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Researchers analyzed local conditions in methane-producing biocathodes using microsensors, detecting gradients in H2, pH, and ORP, and found that H2 is efficiently used as an intermediate and pH dead zones exist.

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Abstract

CH 4 -producing bioelectrochemical systems (BES) are a promising alternative to convert CO 2 and electricity into CH 4 . However, not much is known about the local conditions and possible gradients at CH 4 -producing biocathodes, especially when using granular activated carbon (GAC) as the electrode material. Detecting local conditions at different depths and heights of this 3D material provides better insights on possibly existing limitations. Process conditions and reactor design can be changed to tackle limitations and improve rates and efficiencies. Here, H 2 , pH, and oxidation reduction potentials (ORP) were measured locally within the biocathode. First, H 2 was detected locally at -0.63 V cathode potential (versus Ag/AgCl), whereas no H 2 was detected in the outlet gas, suggesting efficient biological use of H 2 as an intermediate. Second, gradients in all three parameters were observed at different depths in the biocathode. Hence, to improve biological activity, it is critical to consider H 2 as a mediator and pH dead zones.

Keywords

MethaneElectricityPotential gradientCarbon fibersEnvironmental chemistryBiochemical engineering

Identifiers

DOI
10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.07.022
PubMed
40818901
Journal
Trends in biotechnology
Year
2025