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This paper explores the use of engineered electroactive bacteria for biosensor development, highlighting their potential for living electrochemical biosensing and emerging trends in the field.

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Abstract

Bioelectrical interfaces made of living electroactive bacteria (EAB) provide a unique opportunity to bridge biotic and abiotic systems, enabling the reprogramming of electrochemical biosensing. To develop these biosensors, principles from synthetic biology and electrode materials are being combined to engineer EAB as dynamic and responsive transducers with emerging, programmable functionalities. This review discusses the bioengineering of EAB to design active sensing parts and electrically connective interfaces on electrodes, which can be applied to construct smart electrochemical biosensors. In detail, by revisiting the electron transfer mechanism of electroactive microorganisms, engineering strategies of EAB cells for biotargets recognition, sensing circuit construction, and electrical signal routing, engineered EAB have demonstrated impressive capabilities in designing active sensing elements and developing electrically conductive interfaces on electrodes. Thus, integration of engineered EAB into electrochemical biosensors presents a promising avenue for advancing bioelectronics research. These hybridized systems equipped with engineered EAB can promote the field of electrochemical biosensing, with applications in environmental monitoring, health monitoring, green manufacturing, and other analytical fields. Finally, this review considers the prospects and challenges of the development of EAB-based electrochemical biosensors, identifying potential future applications.

Key findings

  • Engineered electroactive bacteria can be used to create novel biosensors with improved sensitivity and specificity.
  • The use of living electroactive bacteria in biosensing offers a new paradigm for sensing and monitoring applications.
  • Emerging trends in the field include the development of implantable biosensors and the use of bacteria for environmental monitoring.

Keywords

BiosensorNanotechnologyBioelectronicsSynthetic biologyBiochemical engineering

Identifiers

DOI
10.1016/j.bios.2023.115480
PubMed
37379794
Journal
Biosensors and Bioelectronics
Year
2023