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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can efficiently remove pollutants from wastewater and generate power, with optimal performance achieved at high concentrations of organic matter.

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What they did

System
MFC

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Microbial fuel cells (MFCS) is a promising and expanding technology able to eliminate various pollutants of wastewater while converting its chemical energy into power energy using biocatalysts. The potential application of double-chamber microbial fuel cell (DC-MFC) for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and generated power from wastewater in the different conditions is investigated. DC-MFC is operated with anaerobic sludge as an active biocatalyst in an anode section, an aerobic cathode section and a Nafion117 membrane as a separator. The performance of the bioreactor is determined with different concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings in the MFC process, in terms of COD removal, power generation and columbic efficiencies. The results illustrated that COD removal efficiency increased at the high concentrations of organic matter. So that at COD concentration of 2000.0 mg/L the highest COD removal efficiency (84%) was obtained. But with increasing substrate initial concentration to 10000.0 mg/L the efficiency decreased to 79%. The important outputs of the system like the highest voltage, maximum generated power, current density, and energy efficiency with the 100,000 mg/L COD are 447 mV, 50.7 mW/m², 570.0 mA/m², and 18.6%, respectively. The optical density levels increased due to bacterial growth while pH severely decreased in the anode chamber when using high-concentration substrates in the MFC. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Key findings

  • COD removal efficiency increased at high concentrations of organic matter, with a maximum of 84% removal at 2000.0 mg/L.
  • Power generation and columbic efficiencies were affected by substrate concentration, with a decrease in efficiency at high concentrations.
  • The highest voltage, maximum generated power, current density, and energy efficiency were all achieved at optimal substrate concentrations.

Keywords

Microbial fuel cellChemical oxygen demandWastewaterAnodeBioenergyPulp and paper industry

Identifiers

DOI
10.1080/09593330.2020.1772374
Journal
Environmental Technology
Year
2020