Discover insights from thousands of peer-reviewed papers on microbial electrochemical systems
Hsin‐Peng Chao, Wen‐Chien Lee
Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry · 2000
Takanni Hannaka Abreu Kang, Antônio Marques da Costa Soares Júnior, Adiel Teixeira de Almeida
Energy · 2018
E.G. Feher
Energy Conversion · 1968
Muhammad Abid, Saqib Jabbar, Tao Wu et al.
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry · 2013
Yael N. Slavin, Jason Asnis, Urs O. Häfeli et al.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology · 2017
Ryan R. Wick, Louise M. Judd, Claire L. Gorrie et al.
Microbial Genomics · 2017
S H AL-Obaidi, Guliaeva NI
· 2020
Hans-Curt Flemming, Jost Wingender, Ulrich Szewzyk et al.
Nature Reviews Microbiology · 2016
Shaoqin Shen, Nan Li, Yujie Wang et al.
Plant Biotechnology Journal · 2022
Nadir Idir, Robert Bausiere, Jean Jacques Franchaud
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · 2006
Debasis Maity, Minitha C.R., Rajendra Kumar R.T.
Materials Science and Engineering: C · 2019
Mohammad Akour, Mamdouh Alenezi
Education Sciences · 2022
E Abatenh, B Gizaw, Z Tsegaye et al.
Open Journal of Environmental Biology · 2017
José C. Jiménez-García, Alexis Ruiz, Alejandro Pacheco-Reyes et al.
Processes · 2023
A. N. Larsen, I. B. Gregersen, O. B. Christensen et al.
Water Science and Technology · 2009
Abel Plaza-Florido, Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto, Alejandro Lucia
Trends in Molecular Medicine · 2024
Anwesha Khanra, Shrasti Vasistha, Monika Prakash Rai et al.
Environmental Technology & Innovation · 2022
Nils Beck, Tim Landa, Arne Seitz et al.
Energies · 2018
Lin Chen, Jian Li, Jun Zhou et al.
2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Software Engineering · 2009
Oscar Guerrero‐Sodric, Rholand Jordi Navarro‐Quispe, Martí Cortada‐García et al.
Water Environment Research · 2026
Andrew R. Pfluger, Martha J. Hahn, Amanda S. Hering et al.
Water Environment Research · 2018
Snehasish Mishra, Puneet Kumar Singh, Ritesh Pattnaik et al.
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · 2022
Yifei Wang, Yaohuan Gao, Abid Hussain et al.
Science of The Total Environment · 2023
Laura Mari, Narcis Nabona
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · 2015
Thuy Thu Nguyen, Tha Thanh Thi Luong, Phuong Hoang Nguyen Tran et al.
Microbial Biotechnology · 2015
Erdem Asa, Mostak Mohammad, Omer C. Onar et al.
2020 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC) · 2020
Alan I. Taub, Alan A. Luo
MRS Bulletin · 2015
Takayuki Kakuda, Hiroyuki Iwasaki, Xia Huang et al.
Journal of Water Process Engineering · 2021
Dimitrios Kalderis, Albert L. Juhasz, Raj Boopathy et al.
Pure and Applied Chemistry · 2011
An explosion occurs when a large amount of energy is suddenly released. This energy may come from an over-pressurized steam boiler, from the products of a chemical reaction involving explosive materials, or from a nuclear reaction that is uncontrolled. In order for an explosion to occur, there must be a local accumulation of energy at the site of the explosion, which is suddenly released. This release of energy can be dissipated as blast waves, propulsion of debris, or by the emission of thermal and ionizing radiation. Modern explosives or energetic materials are nitrogen-containing organic compounds with the potential for self-oxidation to small gaseous molecules (N 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 ). Explosives are classified as primary or secondary based on their susceptibility of initiation. Primary explosives are highly susceptible to initiation and are often used to ignite secondary explosives, such as TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), RDX (1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine), HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane), and tetryl ( N -methyl- N -2,4,6-tetranitro-aniline).
A. D. Wilson, Manuela Baietto
Sensors · 2009
Electronic-nose devices have received considerable attention in the field of sensor technology during the past twenty years, largely due to the discovery of numerous applications derived from research in diverse fields of applied sciences. Recent applications of electronic nose technologies have come through advances in sensor design, material improvements, software innovations and progress in microcircuitry design and systems integration. The invention of many new e-nose sensor types and arrays, based on different detection principles and mechanisms, is closely correlated with the expansion of new applications. Electronic noses have provided a plethora of benefits to a variety of commercial industries, including the agricultural, biomedical, cosmetics, environmental, food, manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, regulatory, and various scientific research fields. Advances have improved product attributes, uniformity, and consistency as a result of increases in quality control capabilities afforded by electronic-nose monitoring of all phases of industrial manufacturing processes. This paper is a review of the major electronic-nose technologies, developed since this specialized field was born and became prominent in the mid 1980s, and a summarization of some of the more important and useful applications that have been of greatest benefit to man.
Paweł W. Majewski, Kevin G. Yager
Journal of Physics Condensed Matter · 2016
Block-copolymers self-assemble into diverse morphologies, where nanoscale order can be finely tuned via block architecture and processing conditions. However, the ultimate usage of these materials in real-world applications may be hampered by the extremely long thermal annealing times-hours or days-required to achieve good order. Here, we provide an overview of the fundamentals of block-copolymer self-assembly kinetics, and review the techniques that have been demonstrated to influence, and enhance, these ordering kinetics. We discuss the inherent tradeoffs between oven annealing, solvent annealing, microwave annealing, zone annealing, and other directed self-assembly methods; including an assessment of spatial and temporal characteristics. We also review both real-space and reciprocal-space analysis techniques for quantifying order in these systems.
Kevin Keller, Patrick Lott, Henning Stotz et al.
Catalysts · 2020
Water, which is an intrinsic part of the exhaust gas of combustion engines, strongly inhibits the methane oxidation reaction over palladium oxide-based catalysts under lean conditions and leads to severe catalyst deactivation. In this combined experimental and modeling work, we approach this challenge with kinetic measurements in flow reactors and a microkinetic model, respectively. We propose a mechanism that takes the instantaneous impact of water on the noble metal particles into account. The dual site microkinetic model is based on the mean-field approximation and consists of 39 reversible surface reactions among 23 surface species, 15 related to Pd-sites, and eight associated with the oxide. A variable number of available catalytically active sites is used to describe light-off activity tests as well as spatially resolved concentration profiles. The total oxidation of methane is studied at atmospheric pressure, with space velocities of 160,000 h−1 in the temperature range of 500–800 K for mixtures of methane in the presence of excess oxygen and up to 15% water, which are typical conditions occurring in the exhaust of lean-operated natural gas engines. The new approach presented is also of interest for modeling catalytic reactors showing a dynamic behavior of the catalytically active particles in general.
Cynthia J. Castro
Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · 2021
The goal of the dissertation is the investigation of financial risk analysis methodologies, using the schemes for extreme value modeling as well as techniques from copula modeling. Extreme value theory is concerned with probabilistic and statistical questions re- lated to unusual behavior or rare events. The subject has a rich mathematical theory and also a long tradition of applications in a variety of areas. We are interested in its application in risk management, with a focus on estimating and forcasting the Value-at-Risk of financial time series data. Extremal data are inherently scarce, thus making inference challenging. In order to obtain good estimates for risk measures, we develop a two-stage approach: (1) fitting the GARCH-type models at the first stage to describe the volatility clustering and other stylized facts of financial time series; (2) using the extreme value theory based models to fit to the tails of the residuals. Additionally, the performance measures provide information in terms of the comparison of the two-stage semi-parametric approach with the parametric methodologies, through robust backtesting. Copula is a particular branch of probability theory, with which, given sufficient data, we can separate the marginal behavior of individual risks and their dependence structure from a multivariate random variable. Linear correlation is widely used to model dependence but has limitations as a measure of association and thus we opt to use copulas to analyze the dependence structure and build models for our different problems arising in risk management. For this part of the dissertation, we take a look at different copula families, highlight for some when they are most appropriate to use for a particular application, discuss some of their drawbacks as diverse scenarios occur in different risk management models, and explore the possibility of developing the copula modeling to reflect the complicated dependence structure of portfolios.
Reda Elkacmi, Mounir Bennajah
Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination · 2019
Abstract Olive oil production has an economic importance for Mediterranean countries, ensuring employment opportunities and export earnings. The crushing units produce two types of residues, one solid (pomace) and the other liquid, called olive mill wastewater (OMW). This by-product has adverse effects on the olive oil sector and particularly on the quality of waters into which they are discharged. Hence, there is a critical need to orient the scientific research toward the treatment of this hazardous waste. Several techniques have been proposed and developed for OMW management. However, the advanced oxidation processes (AOP) remain the most advantageous with high treatment efficiencies. This trend allowed achieving a significant detoxification of OMW. A considerable amount of effort has been expanded to provide detailed and critical reviews on the use of this alternative technology in the treatment of water and wastewaters. Regrettably most, if not all, of these review papers were not focused mainly on OMW application. This paper aims to highlight the ancient and recent progress of various types of oxidation techniques for OMW treatment. Moreover, principles, advantages, limitations, and efficiencies of each method are presented, to gain a more scientific understanding of the most feasible approach regarding the treatment of this harmful residue.
Dongjie Zheng, Xing Wang, Ling‐Ling Yang et al.
Sensors · 2025
Internal leakage within the valve body constitutes a severe potential safety hazard in industrial fluid control systems, attributable to its high concealment and the resultant difficulty in detection via conventional methodologies. Acoustic emission (AE) technology, functioning as an efficient non-destructive testing approach, is capable of capturing the transient stress waves induced by leakage, thereby furnishing an effective means for the real-time monitoring and quantitative assessment of internal leakage within the valve body. This paper conducts a systematic review of the theoretical foundations, signal-processing methodologies, and the latest research advancements related to the technology for detecting internal leakage in the valve body based on acoustic emission. Firstly, grounded in Lechlier's acoustic analogy theory, the generation mechanism of acoustic emission signals arising from valve body leakage is elucidated. Secondly, a detailed analysis is conducted on diverse signal processing techniques and their corresponding optimization strategies, encompassing parameter analysis, time-frequency analysis, nonlinear dynamics methods, and intelligent algorithms. Moreover, this paper recapitulates the current challenges encountered by this technology and delineates future research orientations, such as the fusion of multi-modal sensors, the deployment of lightweight deep learning models, and integration with the Internet of Things. This study provides a systematic reference for the engineering application and theoretical development of the acoustic emission-based technology for detecting internal leakage in valves.
Abdullah Nsair, Senem Önen Cinar, Ayah Alassali et al.
Energies · 2020
The biogas production technology has improved over the last years for the aim of reducing the costs of the process, increasing the biogas yields, and minimizing the greenhouse gas emissions. To obtain a stable and efficient biogas production, there are several design considerations and operational parameters to be taken into account. Besides, adapting the process to unanticipated conditions can be achieved by adequate monitoring of various operational parameters. This paper reviews the research that has been conducted over the last years. This review paper summarizes the developments in biogas design and operation, while highlighting the main factors that affect the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process. The study’s outcomes revealed that the optimum operational values of the main parameters may vary from one biogas plant to another. Additionally, the negative conditions that should be avoided while operating a biogas plant were identified.
Clara Puerto-Sánchez, Mélanie Habouzit, Marta Volonteri et al.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · 2024
ABSTRACT Detecting dual active galactic nuclei (DAGNs) in observations and understanding theoretically which massive black holes (MBHs) compose them and in which galactic and large-scale environment they reside are becoming increasingly important questions as we enter the multimessenger era of MBH astronomy. This paper presents the abundance and properties of DAGN produced in nine large-scale cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We focus on DAGN powered by AGN with $L_{\rm bol}\geqslant 10^{43}\, \rm erg\, s^{-1}$ and belonging to distinct galaxies, i.e. pairs that can be characterized with current and near-future electromagnetic observations. We find that the number density of DAGN separated by a few to 30 proper kpc varies from $10^{-8}$ (or none) to $10^{-3} \, \rm comoving\, Mpc^{3}$ in the redshift range $z=0\!-\!7$. At a given redshift, the densities of the DAGN numbers vary by up to two orders of magnitude from one simulation to another. However, for all simulations, the DAGN peak is in the range $z=1\!-\!3$, right before the peak of cosmic star formation or cosmic AGN activity. The corresponding fractions of DAGN (with respect to the total number of AGN) range from 0 per cent to 6 per cent. We find that simulations could produce too few DAGN at $z=0$ (or merge pairs too quickly) compared to current observational constraints while being consistent with preliminary constraints at high redshift ($z\sim 3$). Next-generation observatories (e.g. Advanced X-Ray Imaging Satellite [AXIS]) will be of paramount importance to detect DAGN across cosmic times. We predict the detectability of DAGN with future X-ray telescopes and discuss DAGN as progenitors for future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) gravitational wave detections.
Alona MOZGOVA, Bohdan HNATYK, Elizaveta ZHYHANIUK et al.
Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Astronomy · 2024
Introduction. Cosmic rays – high-energy charged particles (electrons, protons, heavier nuclei) – constantly bombard the Earth’s atmosphere and generate showers of secondary cosmic rays, in particular, high-energy muons. Muons have high mean range even in materials with high density, therefore they are an effective source of signals for tomographic studies of large-scale objects up to hundreds of meters and even up to kilometers. In particular, muon tomography is now the only method for remotely studying the spatial distribution of various components of nuclear reactors. In this paper a scheme for studying the structure of a nuclear-dangerous accumulation in the destroyed fourth reactor of the Chornobyl NPP with the help of muon tomography is proposed. Methods. Primary cosmic rays reach the Earth’s atmosphere, interact with atmospheric nuclei (N, O, etc.) and, as a result of nuclear cascades, generate showers of secondary particles. These include the muon flux. Since our atmosphere is constantly bombarded by cosmic rays, the flux of muons is constantly coming from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface and due to the high energy of muons (from 1 GeV to tens of TeV), they have a high penetration power and can penetrate underground to depths of hundreds of meters and up to several kilometers into solid rocks. At the same time, due to energy losses and scattering, the integral intensity of muons decreases depending on the passed column density X as the product of the density of the medium ρ by the passed distance L: X(L)=ρ∙L. Position-sensitive muon detectors, in particular, hodoscopes, record the integral intensity of muons at a certain solid angle and, using the integral intensity map, allow to reproduce the value of X – the distribution of the absorbing substance along the line of sight. Based on observations of an object from several locations with different zenith and azimuth angles, it is possible to reproduce a 3D distribution of absorbers in the object. Results. A method for muon tomography using to determine the internal structure of the melt of fuel-containing materials, in particular, a nuclear-dangerous accumulation in the destroyed fourth reactor of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, is proposed. The integral intensity of muons with momentum p>1.12 GeV/c at the zenith angle of 75° (the observation direction of the hodoscope) is I(>p=1.12 GeV/c)=6.90·10-4 cm-2∙s-1∙sr-1. The number of muons recorded in the solid angle (pixels in the sky) δΩ=1.0·10−3 sr with an effective area of Σ=5.76 cm2∙sr and an observation time of 100 days (8.64·106 s) would be Nμ =3.43·104. If there is an absorbing object with a density ρ, length L and the corresponding column density X(L)=ρ∙L on the line of sight of the telescope, then when a layer of concrete 10 m thick, muons with an initial momentum of p>5 GeV/c will fall on the detector. If the density of the absorbing object – a nuclear-dangerous cluster – is equal to 5 g/cm3, muons with an initial momentum of p>10.4 GeV/c, integral intensity I(>p=10.4 GeV/c)=2.65·10-4 cm-2∙s -1∙sr-1, and the number of registered muons – 1.32·104. That is, the sensitivity of the proposed method is sufficient to confidently determine the internal structure of the melt of fuel-containing materials. Conclusions. Muon tomography is currently the only effective method for remote study of the spatial distribution of nuclear reactor components. In this paper a scheme for studying the structure of a nuclear-dangerous accumulation in the destroyed fourth reactor of the Chornobyl NPP with the help of muon tomography is proposed. It is shown that for the specified parameters of the hodoscope, it is possible to perform muon tomography of the reactor with an observation time from one location of about 100 days.
Tim Tinsley, Jacob White
· 2023
This paper will present an update on the UK's dual track approach to deployable space-based nuclear power systems, seeking to develop both European Radioisotope Power Systems (RPS) and miniaturized fission Space Reactors. The UK policy landscape has rapidly evolved as the importance of the UK space sector has grown. Since 2020, the UK has seen the formation of dedicated Space Directorates in both the Ministry of Defence and the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, and the publication of the Space Defence Strategy and Space Strategy government papers. The reliance on plutonium-238 (or <inf>238</inf>Pu) powered RPS systems sourced from the US and Russia prompted the European Space Agency in 2009 to instigate work to identify alternative materials, selecting americium-241 (or <inf>241</inf>Am) as a suitable candidate. <inf>241</inf>Am has a 432.2-year half-life and a thermal power density of 0.11 Wth/g. It is created in civil plutonium stockpiles as a decay product. The UK's stockpile is estimated to contain thousands of kilograms of <inf>241</inf>Am, more than enough to support future space exploration. The UK's National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) has already developed an <inf>241</inf>Am extraction process and is currently progressing plans for a larger scale extraction facility, the PuMA-2 Laboratory, which is expected to produce up to 1000g of <inf>241</inf>Am per year, with a target completion date of 2026. The University of Leicester has developed designs and engineering test units of RPS. Further work is planned in ceramic pellet production and performance, electricity generation and overall system design, ready for first use by the ESA ENDURE missions in 2029, The UK has a strong heritage of reactor development for terrestrial use, especially for gas cooled reactors. The UK also has a programme to develop Advanced Modular Reactors, likely to be based on high-temperature gas reactors using Coated Particle Fuels. A parallel programme for the development of micro space reactors would benefit from this development programme. The UK Government has funded an initial programme to examine the opportunity for micro space reactor development within the UK and is currently developing a strategy for initiating a compact reactor design that would target high-power space applications including in-situ resource utilization and lunar habitats. These programmes of work are contained within an overall programme called “VULCANS”, which aims to bring together the expertise and capabilities within the UK for advanced nuclear systems. VULCANS aims to provide outline objectives for a future programme targeting the development of a range of different deployable space-based nuclear power systems.