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Jiayin Ling, Yanbin Xu, Chuansheng Lu, Weikang Lai +5
This study investigates a partially submerged carbon cloth cathode electrode in microalgae-assisted microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to improve electricity output stability. The electrode design enables simultaneous access to dissolved oxygen from microalgae photosynthesis and atmospheric oxygen, mitigating performance fluctuations caused by variable microalgae growth. Operating with anaerobically digested swine wastewater, the 50% submerged configuration achieved the highest average working voltage (297 ± 26 mV) with superior stability, while maintaining lipid production (250 ± 42 mg/L) and nitrogen removal comparable to fully submerged controls.
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The electricity output from microbial fuel cell (MFC) with a microalgae assisted cathode is usually higher than that with an air cathode. The output of electricity from a photosynthetic microalgae MFC was positively correlated with the dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the microalgae assisted biocathode. However, DO is highly affected by the photosynthesis of microalgae, leading to the low stability in the electricity output that easily varies with the change in microalgae growth. In this study, to improve the electricity output stability of the MFC, a partially submerged carbon cloth cathode electrode was first investigated to use oxygen from both microalgae and air, with synthetic piggery wastewater used as the anolyte and anaerobically digested swine wastewater as the catholyte. When the DO levels dropped from 13.6–14.8 to 1.0–1.6 mg/L, the working voltages in the MFCs with partially submerged electrodes remained high (256–239 mV), whereas that for the conventional completely submerged electrodes dropped from 259 to 102 mV. The working voltages (average, 297 ± 26 mV) of the MFCs with the 50% submerged electrodes were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than with other partially or completely submerged electrodes. The associated maximum lipid production from wastewater was 250 ± 42 mg/L with lipid content of 41 ± 6% dry biomass. Although the partially submerged electrode had no significant effects on lipid production or nitrogen removal in wastewater, there was significant improvement in the stability of the electricity generated under variable conditions.