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H. T. Dinh, Hiromi Kambara, Yoshiki Harada, S. Matsushita +4
This study demonstrates bioelectrical methane production from CO₂ without organic substrates in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) coupled with ammonia oxidation at a platinum-coated anode. Methane production occurred even at very low applied voltages (0.05 V), with a microbial community analysis revealing that methane is produced indirectly via hydrogen intermediates generated by Petrimonas bacteria and consumed by hydrogenotrophic methanogens (Methanobacterium and Methanobrevibacter). Simultaneous denitrification by Azonexus produces N₂ from nitrate generated at the anode, making the overall process thermodynamically feasible without external energy input.
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The present study investigated bioelectrical methane production from CO2 without organic substances. Even though microbial methane production has been reported at relatively high electric voltages, the amount of voltage required and the organisms contributing to the process currently remain unknown. Methane production using a biocathode was investigated in a microbial electrolysis cell coupled with an NH4+ oxidative reaction at an anode coated with platinum powder under a wide range of applied voltages and anaerobic conditions. A microbial community analysis revealed that methane production simultaneously occurred with biological denitrification at the biocathode. During denitrification, NO3– was produced by chemical NH4+ oxidation at the anode and was provided to the biocathode chamber. H2 was produced at the biocathode by the hydrogen-producing bacteria Petrimonas through the acceptance of electrons and protons. The H2 produced was biologically consumed by hydrogenotrophic methanogens of Methanobacterium and Methanobrevibacter with CO2 uptake and by hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers of Azonexus. This microbial community suggests that methane is indirectly produced without the use of electrons by methanogens. Furthermore, bioelectrical methane production occurred under experimental conditions even at a very low voltage of 0.05 V coupled with NH4+ oxidation, which was thermodynamically feasible.