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Daobo Li, Xiaodan Zheng, Yonggang Yang, Meiying Xu
This study investigates periplasmic protein mobility in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 using in vivo formaldehyde crosslinking to understand extracellular electron transport (EET). The authors demonstrate that the tetraheme flavocytochrome FccA forms stable protein complexes with restricted mobility, while the smaller tetraheme cytochrome CctA remains discrete and mobile. Both proteins contribute to bioelectrochemical nitrate and nitrite reduction, revealing dual organizational mechanisms for periplasmic electron relays that enable efficient EET despite the viscous periplasmic environment.
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Extracellular electron transport (EET) supports the survival of specific microorganisms on the Earth’s surface by facilitating microbial respiration with diverse electron acceptors. A key aspect of EET is the organization of electron relays, i.e., multi-heme c-type cytochromes (MHCs), within the periplasmic space of microbial cells. In this study, we investigated the mobility of periplasmic electron relays in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a model strain capable of EET, using in vivo protein crosslinking to the MHCs. First, we established that crosslinking efficiency correlates with the spatial proximity and diffusion coefficient of protein molecules through in vitro tests. Based on these findings, we identified distinct molecular behaviors of periplasmic MHCs, showing that the tetraheme flavocytochrome FccA, which also serves as a periplasmic fumarate reductase, forms protein complexes with limited motility, while the small tetraheme c-type cytochrome CctA remains discrete and mobile. Both MHCs contribute to EET for bioelectrochemical nitrate and nitrite reduction. These findings reveal dual mechanisms for organizing periplasmic electron relays in EET, advancing our understanding of microbial extracellular respiration.