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Ke Zhang, Xiangling Wu, Wei Wang, Hongbing Luo +2
This study integrates microbial fuel cells (MFC) with constructed wetlands (CW) to simultaneously recover bioelectricity and control methane emissions. Using two plant species (Typha orientalis and Cyperus alternifolius) positioned at either anode or cathode, the authors demonstrate that closed-circuit operation reduces CH₄ emissions by ~50% compared to open-circuit controls, with maximum power generation (0.49 V, 0.33 W/m³) achieved when Typha orientalis roots are at the cathode. Molecular analysis reveals competition between exoelectrogens and acetotrophic methanogens for electron donors, with plant species selection emerging as more critical than root positioning for performance optimization.
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Abstract In the context of global warming, the bioelectrochemical method (microbial fuel cell MFC) was proposed for CH 4 control from CWs. The main focus is to further explore the effect of plant roots location at the electrode, plant species on CH 4 emissions, bioelectricity generation and the mechanism underlying competition between electrogenesis and methanogenesis at the anode. The results showed that the operation of MFC effectively reduced the CH 4 emissions and promoted COD removal rates. CH 4 emission was significantly higher in open circuit (6.2 mg m -2 h -1 ) than in closed circuit reactors (3.1 mg m -2 h -1 ). Plant roots at the cathode had the highest electricity generation and the lowest CH 4 emissions. The highest power generation (0.49 V, 0.33 w m -3 ) and the lowest CH 4 emissions (2.3 mg m -2 h -1 ) were observed in the reactors where Typha Orientalis was planted with plant roots at the cathode. The role of plants in strengthening electron acceptor was greater than that of plant rhizodeposits in strengthening electron donors. q-PCR and correlation analysis indicated that the mcr A genes and CH 4 emissions were positively correlated ( r=0.98, p<0.01 ), while no significant relationship between CH 4 emissions and pmoA genes was observed. More nanowires, which are conductive to electron transfer, were found when plant roots were in cathode by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Illumina sequencing revealed that more abundant exoelectrogens and denitrifying bacteria ( Geobacter , Desulfobulbu, Nitrospira and Anaerolinea) were observed when plant roots located in cathodes. Strictly acetotrophic archae (Methanosaetaceae) were likely main electron donor competitors with exoelectrogens. In addition, plant species played a more important role in CH 4 emissions and electricity generation than the plant roots location at the electrode. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen plant configuration to reduce CH 4 emissions, so as to promote sustainable development of wastewater treatment.